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Shloka 53

Arjuna’s Mantra-Empowerment and the Pāṇḍavas’ Separation (Śiva-rūpa through Mantra)

शक्र उवाच । बलिष्ठाश्शत्रवस्ते च दुर्योधनपुरःसराः । द्रोणो भीमश्च कर्णश्च सर्वे ते दुर्जया धुवम्

śakra uvāca | baliṣṭhāśśatravaste ca duryodhanapuraḥsarāḥ | droṇo bhīmaśca karṇaśca sarve te durjayā dhuvam

Śakra (Indra) said: “Your enemies are exceedingly mighty, led by Duryodhana. Droṇa, Bhīma, and Karṇa—indeed all of them—are certainly difficult to conquer.”

शक्रःŚakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + उपसर्ग उ (आगम/वृद्धि-रूप)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
बलिष्ठाःvery strong
बलिष्ठाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; बलवत्-तमतम/इष्ठ-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying शत्रवः)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
तेthose
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
दुर्योधन-पुरःसराःled by Duryodhana
दुर्योधन-पुरःसराः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक) + पुरःसर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (दुर्योधनः पुरःसरः येषाम्/whose leader is Duryodhana)
द्रोणःDroṇa
द्रोणः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
भीमःBhīma
भीमः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootभीम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
कर्णःKarṇa
कर्णः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ते)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
दुर्जयाःhard to conquer
दुर्जयाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्जय (प्रातिपदिक; दुर् + जय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/नञ्-समासवत् (hard-to-conquer)
ध्रुवम्certainly
ध्रुवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव (प्रातिपदिक) / ध्रुवम् (अव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverbial accusative used indeclinably)

Indra (Śakra)

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

I
Indra
D
Duryodhana
D
Droṇa
B
Bhīma
K
Karṇa

FAQs

The verse highlights the reality of formidable worldly obstacles and the need for divine-aligned discernment; in Shaiva understanding, recognizing limitation (of mere egoic power) turns the seeker toward Pati (Śiva) as the true source of strength beyond changing circumstances.

By stressing that some forces are “hard to conquer” through ordinary means, the narrative supports taking refuge in Saguna Śiva (as worshipped in the Liṅga) for protection, steadiness of mind, and dharmic victory—while remembering that ultimate refuge is Śiva as the supreme Lord (Pati).

A practical takeaway is to seek Śiva’s protection through japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and steadying the mind with simple Śaiva discipline such as applying Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and cultivating fearlessness rooted in devotion.