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Shloka 22

Jaṭilāvatāra-Parīkṣā: Pārvatyāḥ Tapasāṃ Parīkṣaṇam

The Jaṭilā Episode and the Testing of Pārvatī’s Austerity

का त्वं कस्यासि तनया किमर्थं विजने वने । तपश्चरसि दुर्धर्षं मुनिभिः प्रयतात्मभिः

kā tvaṃ kasyāsi tanayā kimarthaṃ vijane vane | tapaścarasi durdharṣaṃ munibhiḥ prayatātmabhiḥ

“Who are you? Whose daughter are you? For what purpose do you undertake such formidable tapas here in this lonely forest—an austerity so hard that even self-restrained sages find it difficult to accomplish?”

काwho (f.)
का:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कस्यof whom/whose
कस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
असिare
असि:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तनयाdaughter
तनया:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतनया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-नाम (predicate nominative)
किमर्थम्for what purpose/why
किमर्थम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (interrogative adverb); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (किम् + अर्थम्)
विजनेin a lonely/deserted
विजने:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (वने इति)
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तपःausterity/penance
तपः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म (चरति इति)
चरसिyou practice
चरसि:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
दुर्धर्षम्hard to endure/terrible
दुर्धर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्धर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (तपः इति)
मुनिभिःwith sages
मुनिभिः:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सह)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
प्रयत-आत्मभिःwith self-controlled (sages)
प्रयत-आत्मभिः:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सह)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रयत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; प्र-√यम्) + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (प्रयतः आत्मा येषाम्), विशेषणम् (मुनिभिः इति)

A sage (muni) addressing a young woman performing tapas in the forest

Tattva Level: pashu

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: liberating

FAQs

The verse highlights tapas as a disciplined inner striving—so demanding that even accomplished sages regard it as hard—implying that true spiritual attainment requires steadfast self-restraint and a clear purpose directed toward Shiva, the supreme Pati.

Although the Linga is not named here, the Shiva Purana repeatedly frames such solitary tapas as preparation for Shiva’s grace and darshana; the question underscores that austerity is not mere hardship but a means to approach Saguna Shiva through focused devotion and purity of mind.

The implied practice is sustained tapas with prayatātmā (disciplined mind)—typically supported in Shaiva tradition by japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), meditation on Shiva, and a life of restraint, even when performed in seclusion.