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Shloka 16

Jaṭilāvatāra-Parīkṣā: Pārvatyāḥ Tapasāṃ Parīkṣaṇam

The Jaṭilā Episode and the Testing of Pārvatī’s Austerity

ब्रह्मचारिस्वरूपेण कस्त्वं हि कुत आगतः । इद्ं वनं भासयसि वद वेदविदां वर

brahmacārisvarūpeṇa kastvaṃ hi kuta āgataḥ | idṃ vanaṃ bhāsayasi vada vedavidāṃ vara

Assuming the form of a celibate ascetic, who indeed are you, and from where have you come? You illumine this forest—tell me, O best among the knowers of the Vedas.

ब्रह्मचारि-स्वरूपेणin the form of a brahmacārin
ब्रह्मचारि-स्वरूपेण:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument or manner)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + स्वरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास ('in the form of a brahmacārin')
कःwho
कः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
हिindeed
हि:
Nipāta (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle)
कुतःfrom where
कुतः:
Apādāna (अपादान/Source)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः (अव्यय/प्रश्न-अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नवाचक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
आगतःhas come
आगतः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ+गम् (धातु) → आगत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle) used predicatively
इदम्this
इदम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम-विशेषण
वनम्forest
वनम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
भासयसिyou illumine
भासयसि:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभास् (धातु) (causative/णिच्)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative: 'make shine/illumine')
वदtell, speak
वद:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
वेदविदाम्of the Veda-knowers
वेदविदाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवेद (प्रातिपदिक) + विद् (धातु) → विद् (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक: विद्/विद्वस्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास ('of the knowers of the Veda')
वरO best (one)
वर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootवर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

An inquiring sage/forest-dweller addressing a radiant brahmacārin-form of Lord Shiva

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse highlights discernment (viveka) and reverent inquiry: the seeker recognizes an extraordinary, luminous presence and asks for true identity—an essential step before Shiva’s grace reveals the higher truth of Pati (Shiva) beyond ordinary appearances.

Shiva is approached here in a saguna, approachable guise (a brahmacārin), showing that the Divine can be encountered through form for the sake of devotees. This mirrors linga-worship where the formless (nirguṇa) is honored through a sacred, perceivable support (liṅga) that draws the mind to Shiva.

The takeaway is contemplative reverence: approach Shiva with humility, purity, and questioning. In practice, one may combine japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with inner stillness, seeing divine light (tejas) as a sign to turn the mind toward Shiva.