Shloka 44

कस्मात्सुतो ममापीह सुदरिद्रो हि भिक्षुकः । भवेत्कथं सुखं भिक्षो पुत्रयोरनयोर्वद

kasmātsuto mamāpīha sudaridro hi bhikṣukaḥ | bhavetkathaṃ sukhaṃ bhikṣo putrayoranayorvada

“Why is my son here a beggar, exceedingly poor? O mendicant, tell me: how can there be happiness for these two sons?”

कस्मात्from what cause? why?
कस्मात्:
Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी विभक्ति (5th/अपादान), एकवचन
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी विभक्ति (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
अपिalso, even
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-भाव
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)
सु-दरिद्रःvery poor
सु-दरिद्रः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदरिद्र (प्रातिपदिक) + सु- (उपसर्ग/प्रत्ययवत् उपपद)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)
हिindeed, for
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ
भिक्षुकःbeggar
भिक्षुकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभिक्षुक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
भवेत्would be / could be
भवेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नवाचक अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
सुखम्happiness, comfort
सुखम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; यहाँ कर्तृ/कर्मरूपे अर्थानुसार
भिक्षोO mendicant
भिक्षो:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootभिक्षु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
पुत्रयोःof (your) two sons
पुत्रयोः:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी/सप्तमी विभक्ति (6th/7th), द्विवचन; यहाँ षष्ठी (of the two sons)
अनयोःof these two
अनयोः:
Sambandha/Śeṣa (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी/सप्तमी विभक्ति, द्विवचन; यहाँ षष्ठी
वदtell (me)
वद:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद

A concerned father/householder (narrative interlocutor) questioning a bhikshu

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Bhikṣāṭana

FAQs

The verse voices a householder’s anguish over visible inequality and suffering, prompting reflection on karma and the deeper Shaiva teaching that lasting sukha is not secured by external wealth but by turning toward Shiva (Pati) beyond worldly conditions.

Such questioning typically leads the narrative toward refuge in Saguna Shiva—worship of the Linga as the compassionate, accessible form of the Lord—through which devotees seek inner steadiness and grace rather than mere material reversal.

A practical takeaway is to cultivate contentment and pray to Shiva with regular japa of the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), supported by simple Shaiva observances like Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrāksha as aids to remembrance.