Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 40

त्रिपुरवर्णनम् (Tripura-varṇanam) — “Description of Tripura”

तद्विचार्य स्वयं बुद्ध्या न शक्यं यत्सुरासुरैः । दुर्लभं वा सुदुस्साध्यं मृत्युं वंचयतानघाः

tadvicārya svayaṃ buddhyā na śakyaṃ yatsurāsuraiḥ | durlabhaṃ vā sudussādhyaṃ mṛtyuṃ vaṃcayatānaghāḥ

Reflecting with their own discernment, they realized that what cannot be accomplished by gods or demons—whether rare or exceedingly difficult—could be achieved by those blameless ones, for they were able to elude even Death.

tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); object of vicārya
vicāryahaving considered/reflected
vicārya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvi-√car (चर् धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), action prior to main verb
svayamoneself
svayam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (स्वयम्)
buddhyāby (one's) intellect
buddhyā:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootbuddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध)
śakyampossible
śakyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicative)
TypeAdjective
Root√śak (शक् धातु) + ya → śakya (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGerundive/possible (शक्य), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate
yatwhich (that)
yat:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of implied clause)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun referring to implied act/thing
sura-asuraiḥby gods and demons
sura-asuraiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument in passive sense)
TypeNoun
Rootsura (प्रातिपदिक) + asura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
durlabhamhard to obtain
durlabham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdur-labha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate
or/indeed
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक)
su-dus-sādhyamvery difficult to accomplish
su-dus-sādhyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय) + dus-sādhya (प्रातिपदिक; √sādh/साध् + ya)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); gerundive (भाव्य) used adjectivally
mṛtyumdeath
mṛtyum:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vaṃcayatāby (one) deceiving/cheating
vaṃcayatā:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeVerb
Root√vaṃc (वञ्च् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); used with implied 'by' (agent)
anaghāḥO sinless ones
anaghāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootan-agha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); vocative sense possible by context

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahākāla

Jyotirlinga: Mahākāleśvara

Sthala Purana: Mahākāla as the Lord of Time grants protection from untimely death; the Ujjayinī liṅga is famed as a self-manifesting center where Kāla is subdued by Śiva’s sovereignty.

Significance: Darśana/abhisheka is sought for relief from fear of death, kāla-doṣa, and for steadiness in dharma; symbolizes Śiva as transcending and governing time.

Type: mahamrityunjaya

Shakti Form: Kālī

Role: liberating

Cosmic Event: mṛtyu-tattva (Death as cosmic regulator) implicitly invoked

D
Death (Mṛtyu)
D
Devas (Suras)
A
Asuras

FAQs

It highlights a Shaiva Siddhanta theme: worldly power (even of Devas and Asuras) is limited, while Shiva’s grace makes the seemingly impossible possible—especially the conquest of fear and bondage symbolized by Mṛtyu.

In the Shiva Purana narrative world, “evading Death” points to refuge in Saguna Shiva—often approached through Linga worship—where the devotee gains protection, steadiness, and ultimately liberation through the Lord’s compassionate presence.

The practical takeaway is śaraṇāgati (taking refuge): steady japa of the Panchakshara “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” supported by Linga pūjā with bhasma and Rudrāksha, cultivating fearlessness and detachment from mortality.