Shloka 28

किमर्थं सुतपस्तप्तं कथयध्वं सुरद्विषां । सर्वेषां तपसो दाता सर्वकर्तास्मि सर्वदा

kimarthaṃ sutapastaptaṃ kathayadhvaṃ suradviṣāṃ | sarveṣāṃ tapaso dātā sarvakartāsmi sarvadā

“For what purpose have you performed this excellent austerity? Tell me, O adversaries of the gods. I am ever the bestower of the fruits of all tapas, and at all times I am the universal doer who brings all acts to completion.”

kimwhat
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative pronoun
arthampurpose; reason
artham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootartha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used with kim = ‘for what purpose’
su-tapaḥgreat austerity
su-tapaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); karmadhāraya: ‘good/great austerity’
taptamperformed; undergone
taptam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Predicate (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottapta (कृदन्त; √tap तप्)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); past passive participle (क्त) agreeing with su-tapaḥ
kathayadhvamtell; explain
kathayadhvam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kath (धातु; कथ्)
FormLoṭ (लोट्; imperative), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
sura-dviṣāmof the enemies of the gods
sura-dviṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsura (प्रातिपदिक) + dviṣ (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक from √dviṣ द्विष्)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: ‘haters of the gods’
sarveṣāmof all
sarveṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
tapasaḥof austerity
tapasaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
dātāgiver
dātā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdātṛ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √dā दा)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
sarva-kartādoer of all
sarva-kartā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + kartṛ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √kṛ कृ)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: ‘doer of all’
asmiI am
asmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु; अस्)
FormLaṭ (लट्; present), 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sarvadāalways
sarvadā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb of time (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)

Lord Shiva (as the Supreme Pati, bestower of the fruits of tapas)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Role: liberating

S
Shiva
D
Devas

FAQs

The verse establishes Shiva as Pati—the supreme Lord who both empowers austerity and grants its fruit. Tapas is not autonomous; its fulfillment depends on Shiva’s grace, aligning effort with divine sanction.

It supports Saguna Shiva worship by portraying Shiva as the responsive Lord who questions the devotee’s intent and then bestows results. In Linga worship, one approaches the same all-doer Shiva as the accessible giver of boons and liberation.

Clarify saṅkalpa (purpose) before worship, then perform steady tapas with Shiva-centered japa—especially the Panchākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—optionally supported by Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as Shaiva aids to discipline and devotion.