Shloka 39

Devanagari script

शंभो नियम्यास्सर्वेपि देवाद्यास्ते महेश्वर । तथैवाहं नियम्यस्ते नियंतुस्सर्वदेहिनाम्

Transliteration

śaṃbho niyamyāssarvepi devādyāste maheśvara | tathaivāhaṃ niyamyaste niyaṃtussarvadehinām

Translation

O Śambhu, O Maheśvara—truly all the gods and all other beings are held in check and governed by You. In the same way, I too am ruled by You, for You are the supreme Controller of all embodied beings.

Word by Word

• śaṃbho: O Śambhu
• śaṃbho: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṃbhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• niyamyāḥ: are controlled
• niyamyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ni-√yam (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृदन्त) from ni-√yam ‘to restrain’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन): ‘restrained/controlled’

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात): ‘also/even’

• deva-ādyāḥ: the gods and others
• deva-ādyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); ādi-tatpuruṣa: ‘gods and others’

• te: by you / under you
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन): ‘of you/your’

• maheśvara: O Maheśvara
• maheśvara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maheśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय): ‘thus/so’

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात): ‘indeed’

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• niyamyaḥ: am controlled
• niyamyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ni-√yam (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त/कृदन्त); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन): ‘to be restrained/controlled’

• te: by you
• te: Kartṛ (कर्ता/Agent in passive; instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया) or Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); here sense: ‘by you’ (agent with passive)

• niyantā: (you are) the controller
• niyantā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ni-√yam (धातु)
• Form: Agent noun (तृच्/कर्तृवाचक-प्रत्यय) ‘controller’; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sarva-dehinām: of all embodied beings
• sarva-dehinām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessed-of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + dehin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: ‘of all embodied beings’

Speaker

Satī (addressing Lord Śiva)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: teaching

Ritual Elements

Offering: pushpa

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It affirms Śiva as Pati—the supreme Lord who governs even the devas—implying that liberation arises through recognizing His sovereignty and surrendering egoic independence.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By declaring Śiva the niyantā (controller) of all embodied life, it supports Saguna devotion to Mahādeva as the accessible Lord whose grace and governance are approached through Linga-worship and personal bhakti.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is śaraṇāgati (surrender) expressed through japa of the Pañcākṣarī—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—and daily remembrance that all actions are under Maheshwara’s rule.