Shloka 18

यद्यपि त्वां करं दत्त्वा बहुवारं महेश्वरः । अशिक्षयत्पुरा शाल्वप्रमुखाकृतिभिर्हरे

yadyapi tvāṃ karaṃ dattvā bahuvāraṃ maheśvaraḥ | aśikṣayatpurā śālvapramukhākṛtibhirhare

O Hari (Viṣṇu), although Maheśvara, taking you by the hand again and again, instructed and trained you in former times—assuming forms such as Śālva and others—still, this present situation has arisen.

यदिif
यदि:
सम्बन्ध (Condition marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle: if)
अपिeven though
अपि:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (concessive particle: even/though)
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formमध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
करम्hand
करम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
पूर्वकाल (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
बहुवारम्many times
बहुवारम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुवार (प्रातिपदिक) [बहु + वार]
Formअव्ययीभावसमासः; क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण (adverbial accusative: many times)
महेश्वरःMaheśvara (Śiva)
महेश्वरः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक) [महा + ईश्वर]
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् ईश्वरः)
अशिक्षयत्taught / instructed
अशिक्षयत्:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootशिक्ष् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्; अ-आगम (augment)
पुराformerly
पुरा:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time: formerly)
शाल्वप्रमुखाकृतिभिःby forms such as Śālva and others
शाल्वप्रमुखाकृतिभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्वप्रमुखाकृति (प्रातिपदिक) [शाल्व + प्रमुख + आकृति]
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः—(i) शाल्वप्रमुख = बहुव्रीहिः/तत्पुरुषः (शाल्वः प्रमुखः येषां ते) (ii) शाल्वप्रमुख + आकृति = तत्पुरुषः; समस्तपदम् करणत्वेन
हरेO Hari
हरे:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Suta Goswami (narrating the Rudra-saṃhitā account to the sages, conveying the puranic dialogue context)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Rudra

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga account; it recalls prior episodes where Śiva, by assuming various forms, ‘trained’ Viṣṇu—illustrating divine pedagogy and the persistence of delusion (tirodhāna) even among devas.

Significance: Encourages humility: even exalted beings require Śiva’s instruction; remembrance of Śiva’s past interventions strengthens śraddhā and corrects pride.

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: teaching

S
Shiva
V
Vishnu
M
Maheshvara
H
Hari
S
Shalva

FAQs

The verse highlights Śiva as Maheśvara—the supreme Guru—who repeatedly guides even great deities. In Shaiva Siddhanta terms, it points to Pati (Śiva) as the ultimate bestower of right knowledge and discipline that leads the soul beyond bondage.

By portraying Maheśvara actively teaching and assuming forms, the verse supports Saguna worship—Śiva’s compassionate, accessible presence. Linga-worship similarly centers on approaching Śiva as the living Guru-principle who reveals grace (anugraha) through tangible forms and symbols.

A practical takeaway is Guru-bhāva toward Śiva: daily japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa, praying for śikṣā (inner training) and steadiness in dharma.