Shloka 23

कपालिभार्येति सती दयिता स्वसुतापि च । नाहूता यज्ञविषये दक्षेणागुणदर्शिना

kapālibhāryeti satī dayitā svasutāpi ca | nāhūtā yajñaviṣaye dakṣeṇāguṇadarśinā

Though Satī was the beloved wife of Kapālī (Śiva) and also Dakṣa’s own daughter, when the matter of the yajña arose, Dakṣa—who saw only faults and did not discern Śiva’s true greatness—did not invite her.

कपाली-भार्या(as) ‘Kapālī’s wife’
कपाली-भार्या:
Pratipādya (प्रतिपाद्य/उपाधि)
TypeNoun
Rootकपाली (प्रातिपदिक) + भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (“wife of Kapālī”)
इतिthus
इति:
Vākyasaṃbandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/इत्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative)
सतीSatī
सती:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
दयिताbeloved (wife)
दयिता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदयिता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; अप्पोज़िशन (in apposition to सती)
स्व-सुता(his) own daughter
स्व-सुता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + सुता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारय (“one’s own daughter”)
अपिalso / even
अपि:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि-अर्थ (also/even)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)
आहूता(was) invited
आहूता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + हु (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—क्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे “invited”
यज्ञ-विषयेin/for the sacrificial affair
यज्ञ-विषये:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) + विषय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (“in the matter of the sacrifice”)
दक्षेणby Dakṣa
दक्षेण:
Karta (कर्ता/agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन
अ-गुण-दर्शिनाby the merit-blind (one)
अ-गुण-दर्शिना:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ (नञ्) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + दर्शिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying दक्षेण); समासः—तत्पुरुष (नञ्-समास: “one who does not see merits/qualities”)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Kaṅkālamūrti

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga account; highlights Dakṣa’s ‘aguṇa-darśana’ (fault-finding) that precipitates the Satī episode, later linked in many regions to Śakti-pīṭha traditions rather than Jyotirliṅgas.

Significance: Warns against aparādha to Śiva and Śakti; teaches that social/ritual status cannot override divine relationship and devotion.

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: liberating

S
Shiva
S
Sati
D
Daksha

FAQs

The verse highlights that ritual status and family ties cannot replace spiritual discernment: Daksha’s fault-finding pride blinds him to Śiva’s supreme nature, showing that devotion and right understanding must guide conduct, not ego.

Daksha’s refusal to invite Satī because she is ‘Kapālī’s wife’ reflects rejection of Śiva’s saguna form as the ascetic Lord; the Purana teaches that honoring Śiva—often worshiped as the Liṅga—is essential for yajña to be spiritually complete.

The takeaway is to purify intention before ritual: approach worship with humility and bhakti, and steady the mind with Śiva-mantra (especially the Pañcākṣarī, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) rather than judging Śiva’s forms or devotees.