Shloka 48

अथ दक्षः कियत्काले व्यतीते धर्मवित्तमः । चिंतयामास देयेयं स्वसुता शम्भवे कथम्

atha dakṣaḥ kiyatkāle vyatīte dharmavittamaḥ | ciṃtayāmāsa deyeyaṃ svasutā śambhave katham

Then, after some time had passed, Dakṣa—most learned in dharma—began to reflect: “How indeed can I give my own daughter to Śambhu (Lord Śiva)?”

अथthen
अथ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपक्रम)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (then/now)
दक्षःDakṣa
दक्षः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
कियत्some/for a certain (amount)
कियत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकियत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (समासाङ्ग), एकवचन; ‘how much’ (quantifier)
कालेin/after (a certain) time
काले:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; समासः—कियत्काले (कियत् + काले) ‘after some time’
व्यतीतेhaving passed
व्यतीते:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-अति-इ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; लोके सप्तमी (absolute locative): ‘when (time) had passed’
धर्मdharma
धर्म:
Samāsa-aṅga (समासाङ्ग)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (समासाङ्ग), एकवचन
वित्तमःthe best knower of dharma
वित्तमः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवित्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—धर्मवित्तमः (धर्मं वेत्ति इति) कर्मधारय/उपपद-तत्पुरुषार्थः; ‘best knower of dharma’
चिन्तयामासthought/pondered
चिन्तयामास:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचिन्त् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), परस्मैपदी, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परिप्रयोगः ‘-यामास’ (periphrastic perfect)
देयाto be given
देया:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदेय (प्रातिपदिक; √दा)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/future passive participle): ‘to be given’
इयम्this (she)
इयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
स्वown
स्व:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत्-पूर्वपद (indeclinable-like adjectival stem), समासपूर्वपद; ‘own’
सुता(my) daughter
सुता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; समासः—स्वसुता (स्व + सुता) ‘one’s own daughter’
शम्भवेto Śambhu
शम्भवे:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootशम्भु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रश्नार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb)

Suta Goswami (narrating to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Shiva

Shakti Form: Satī

Role: liberating

D
Daksha
S
Shiva
S
Shambhu
S
Sati

FAQs

It shows the tension between social-ritual dharma and recognition of Śiva as the supreme auspicious Lord (Pati). Dakṣa’s hesitation reveals how ego and worldly standards can obstruct surrender to Śiva, even when one is “learned in dharma.”

By naming Śiva as “Śambhu,” the verse points to Saguna Shiva—the compassionate, accessible Lord who accepts devotion beyond caste or status. In Linga worship too, the devotee approaches Śiva not through pride of lineage but through reverence for His auspicious, all-purifying presence.

The practical takeaway is humility before Śiva: steady japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and a calm, self-examining mind helps dissolve the kind of doubt and pride implied by Dakṣa’s inner questioning.