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Shloka 99

Niṣādasya Bhillasya Itihāsaḥ — Śivarātri-vrata-prabhāvaḥ

The Hunter’s Account and the Efficacy of the Śivarātri Observance

व्रतानि विविधान्यत्र तीर्थानि विविधानि च । दानानि च विचित्राणि मखाश्च विविधास्तथा

vratāni vividhānyatra tīrthāni vividhāni ca | dānāni ca vicitrāṇi makhāśca vividhāstathā

Here there are many kinds of sacred vows and many kinds of holy pilgrimage-places; there are also wondrous forms of charitable giving, and likewise many varieties of sacrificial rites.

व्रतानिvows
व्रतानि:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — 'vows'
विविधानिvarious
विविधानि:
विशेषण (Adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — adjective qualifying व्रतानि
अत्रhere
अत्र:
अधिकरण (Locative adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb) — 'here'
तीर्थानिholy places
तीर्थानि:
कर्ता (Subject/parallel)
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — 'pilgrimage places'
विविधानिvarious
विविधानि:
विशेषण (Adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — adjective qualifying तीर्थानि
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
दानानिcharities
दानानि:
कर्ता (Subject/parallel)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — 'gifts/charities'
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
विचित्राणिvariegated/wondrous
विचित्राणि:
विशेषण (Adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootविचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — adjective qualifying दानानि
मखाःsacrifices
मखाः:
कर्ता (Subject/parallel)
TypeNoun
Rootमख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — 'sacrifices'
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
विविधाःvarious
विविधाः:
विशेषण (Adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — adjective qualifying मखाः
तथाlikewise
तथा:
क्रियाविशेषण/समुच्चय (Adverb/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकार/समुच्चय-अव्यय (thus/likewise)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Sthala Purana: Enumerative framing: acknowledges plurality of dharmic means (vrata, tīrtha, dāna, makha) that operate within the world of karmic religion.

Significance: Positions tīrtha-yātrā and yajña as meritorious but (in the chapter’s argument) secondary to Śivarātri’s concentrated Śiva-bhakti.

Offering: naivedya

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse highlights that the Shaiva path accommodates many disciplines—vrata (self-restraint), tīrtha (sacred pilgrimage), dāna (purifying generosity), and makha/yajña (ritual offerings)—all of which, when oriented to Lord Shiva, become supports for inner purification and devotion leading toward liberation.

In the Kotirudra context of Jyotirlingas, these varied practices are understood as ways of approaching Saguna Shiva—especially through pilgrimage to Shiva’s luminous forms and through acts offered with bhakti—so that external rites mature into steady reverence for the Linga as the sanctified presence of Shiva.

A practical takeaway is to adopt a Shiva-vrata (fasting/discipline), perform dāna with humility, and undertake tīrtha-yātrā to a Jyotirlinga while maintaining japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) as the inner thread that sanctifies all outer actions.