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Shloka 45

Gaṅgā-Avataraṇa and the Naming of Gaṅgādvāra (गङ्गावतरणम्—गङ्गाद्वारप्रसिद्धिः)

ततस्तैः खिन्नहृदया ऋषयस्तेखिला द्विजाः । कांच्यां चक्रुर्निवासं हि शैवधर्मबहिष्कृताः

tatastaiḥ khinnahṛdayā ṛṣayastekhilā dvijāḥ | kāṃcyāṃ cakrurnivāsaṃ hi śaivadharmabahiṣkṛtāḥ

Then those sages—indeed all the twice-born—became heavy-hearted; cast out from the discipline of Śiva, they made their dwelling in Kāñcī.

ततःthereupon
ततः:
Kāla/Anantarya (काल/अनन्तर्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; हेत्वर्थ/अनन्तरार्थ सूचक (thereupon/then)
तैःby them
तैः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
खिन्नहृदयाःdejected at heart
खिन्नहृदयाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootखिन्न-हृदय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘ऋषयः/द्विजाः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; कर्मधारयः (खिन्नं हृदयं येषाम्/खिन्नहृदयः)
ऋषयःsages
ऋषयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
तेthose
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
अखिलाःentire, all
अखिलाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण
द्विजाःtwice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
काञ्च्याम्in Kāñcī
काञ्च्याम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकाञ्ची (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; स्थानवाचक
चक्रुःthey made/established
चक्रुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन
निवासम्a residence, dwelling
निवासम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootनिवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
हिindeed, for
हि:
Hetu/Emphasis (हेतु/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphasis/causal particle)
शैवधर्मबहिष्कृताःexcluded from the Śaiva dharma
शैवधर्मबहिष्कृताः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशैव-धर्म-बहिष्कृत (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √कृ with बहिस्- prefix sense)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘द्विजाः/ऋषयः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त ‘बहिष्कृत’ = excluded; समासः तत्पुरुषः (शैवधर्मात् बहिष्कृताः)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Sthala Purana: The verse situates displaced Vedic sages who, being excluded from Śaiva discipline, relocate to Kāñcī; it functions as a moral-ritual backdrop rather than a Jyotirliṅga origin episode.

Significance: Kāñcī is evoked as a refuge-space for orthodox dvijas; the implied merit is restoration of dharma through right association and renewed observance.

S
Shiva
R
Rishis
D
Dvijas
K
Kanchi

FAQs

It highlights the pain of being cut off from Śaiva dharma and implies that true spiritual stability comes from remaining aligned with Pati (Śiva) rather than social approval; when devotion is obstructed, the devotee seeks a new sacred refuge and continues the path.

Being “excluded from Śaiva dharma” points to disruption in lived Śiva-worship—Linga-sevā, temple practice, and vows. The move to Kāñcī suggests seeking a place where Saguna Śiva worship can be resumed without obstruction, preserving the outer disciplines that support inner realization.

The takeaway is to re-establish daily Śiva-anuṣṭhāna: japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), Tripuṇḍra with bhasma, and Linga-abhiṣeka where possible—maintaining devotion even when circumstances become adverse.