Shloka 40

तत्रापश्यत्स्वजननीं स्वपंतीं दिव्यलक्षणाम् । रत्नालंकारदीप्तांगीं साक्षात्सुरवधूमिव

tatrāpaśyatsvajananīṃ svapaṃtīṃ divyalakṣaṇām | ratnālaṃkāradīptāṃgīṃ sākṣātsuravadhūmiva

There he beheld his own mother, asleep and adorned with divine auspicious marks; her limbs shone with jeweled ornaments, as though she were a celestial lady among the gods.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)
स्वown
स्व:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्राय विशेषण (indeclinable-like adjective), स्वार्थक (reflexive: 'own'), समासपूर्वपद-रूपेण प्रयुक्त
जननीम्mother
जननीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजननी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)
स्वपन्तीम्sleeping
स्वपन्तीम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वप् (धातु)
Formवर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण
दिव्यdivine
दिव्य:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (जननीम् इत्यस्य विशेषण)
लक्षणाम्having marks/characteristics
लक्षणाम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootलक्षणा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'दिव्यलक्षणाम्' इत्यत्र विशेषण
रत्नjewel
रत्न:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootरत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रातिपदिक (समासाङ्ग)
अलंकारornament
अलंकार:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअलंकार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रातिपदिक (समासाङ्ग)
दीप्तshining
दीप्त:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीप् (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/Past passive participle), प्रातिपदिक (समासाङ्ग)
अङ्गीम्whose limbs were shining with jeweled ornaments
अङ्गीम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअङ्गिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास: रत्न-अलंकार-दीप्त-अङ्गी (रत्नालंकारैः दीप्तानि अङ्गानि यस्याः सा); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
साक्षात्directly, as if in person
साक्षात्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाक्षात् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: directly/manifestly)
सुरgod, deva
सुर:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक (समासाङ्ग)
वधूम्a deva-bride
वधूम्:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootवधू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास: सुरवधू (सुराणां वधूः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
इवlike, as if
इव:
Upamādyotaka (उपमाद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, उपमावाचक निपात (particle of comparison)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Significance: Shows grace extending to family/household: the mother appears ‘divya-lakṣaṇā’ like a devī/apsaras—Śiva’s anugraha sanctifies relational life, not only ascetic life.

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: nurturing

Cosmic Event: Night setting heightens the contrast of ornament-radiance; auspiciousness (śrī) shines in darkness as a sign of divine favor.

FAQs

The verse highlights “divya-lakṣaṇa” (divine auspicious marks) and radiant purity, suggesting that dharmic virtue and Shiva’s grace manifest outwardly as serenity, beauty, and sattvic splendor even in ordinary scenes like sleep.

Though the verse is descriptive, it supports Saguna devotion by training the mind to recognize sacredness in form—an attitude central to Linga worship, where the devotee learns to perceive Shiva’s presence through auspicious signs and sanctified appearances.

A practical takeaway is “darśana-bhāvanā”: contemplative seeing—mentally offering reverence to auspicious forms while repeating the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya), cultivating inner purity and devotional attention.