Rig Veda 8.2.40: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 40
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Jagatī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इत्था धीवन्तमद्रिवः काण्वं मेध्यातिथिम् । मेषो भूतोऽभि यन्नयः ॥
Transliteration
itthā́ dhī́vantam adrivaḥ kā́ṇvaṃ medhyā́tithim | meṣó bhūto ’bhí yán náyaḥ ||
Translation
Thus, O wielder of the pressing-stone, you lead toward yourself the Kaṇva, rich in thought, the worthy guest—having become a ram (a force of forward charge), you draw him into the encounter.
Word by Word
इ॒त्थाthus, in this manner
इ॒त्था:
Adhikaraṇa (रीति/प्रकार-निर्देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा इति+था (निपात-समास)
धीव॑न्तम्the wise/insightful one
धीव॑न्तम्:
Karma (विशेष्य-रूपेण स्तुत्य-पुरुषम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootधीवत् (प्रातिपदिक; धि/धी ‘बुद्धि’ से ‘धीमान्’)
अद्रिवःO wielder of the stone/bolt (Indra)
अद्रिवः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootअद्रिवस् (प्रातिपदिक; अद्रि ‘वज्र/पाषाण’ + वस् ‘धारण’ → ‘वज्रधारी’)
का॒ण्वम्the Kāṇva (of the Kaṇva lineage)
का॒ण्वम्:
Karma (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective (gentilic)
Rootकाण्व (प्रातिपदिक; कण्व-गोत्र/कण्व-वंशीय)
मेध्या॑तिथिम्Medhyātithi
मेध्या॑तिथिम्:
Karma (स्तुत्य/आहूत-व्यक्ति)
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootमेध्यातिथि (प्रातिपदिक; मेध्य + अतिथि, तत्पुरुष-समास; ऋषि-नाम)
मे॒षःa ram
मे॒षः:
Kartā (भू-क्रियायाः कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमेष (प्रातिपदिक)
भू॒तःhaving become
भू॒तः:
Kartā-विशेषण (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धी विशेषण)
TypeParticiple
Rootभू (धातु) → भूत (कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्यय)
अ॒भिtowards, upon
अ॒भि:
Karma/Adhikaraṇa-सम्बन्ध (गत्यर्थ-निर्देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यत्which/what
यत्:
Karma (नयः इति क्रियायाः कर्म)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नयःyou lead/bring
नयः:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु) + लट् (वेदिक रूप; 2 एकवचन परस्मैपद)
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