Rig Veda 7.80.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 80, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.80

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Uṣas (plural Dawns)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अश्वावतीर्गोमतीर्न उषासो वीरवतीः सदमुच्छन्तु भद्राः । घृतं दुहाना विश्वतः प्रपीता यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः ॥

Transliteration

áśvāvatīr gómatīr na uṣā́so vī́ravatīḥ sádám ucchantu bhadrā́ḥ | ghṛtáṃ dúhānā viśvátáḥ prá-pītā yūyáṃ pāta svastí-bhiḥ sádā naḥ ||

Translation

May the Dawns rise for us always—auspicious, bringing the powers of swift force (horses), the rays of light/knowledge (cows), and heroic energies; milking the clarified richness from every side, fully filled—may you guard us always with harmonies of well-being.

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Word by Word

• अश्वावतीः: having horses
• अश्वावतीः: Kartā (उषासः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अश्व-वत् (प्रातिपदिक: अश्व ‘horse’ + वत् ‘possessing’)

• गोमतीः: rich in cows
• गोमतीः: Kartā (उषासः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गो-मत् (प्रातिपदिक: गो ‘cow’ + मत् ‘possessing’)

• नः: of us / our
• नः: Sampradāna/सम्बन्ध (अस्माकम्)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• उषासः: the Dawns
• उषासः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वीरवतीः: having heroes/sons
• वीरवतीः: Kartā (उषासः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर-वत् (प्रातिपदिक: वीर ‘hero/son’ + वत् ‘possessing’)

• सदम्: always
• सदम्: Adhikaraṇa (काल-अर्थे)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदम् (अव्यय/निपात; ‘always, continually’)

• उच्छन्तु: may they shine forth / arise
• उच्छन्तु: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-√शा/शि (Vedic: ‘to shine, rise’; here ‘उच्छ्’ as present stem)

• भद्राः: auspicious, gracious
• भद्राः: Kartā (उषासः-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भद्र- (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृतम्: ghee
• घृतम्: Karma (दुहाना-क्रियायाः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत- (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुहाना: milking (yielding)
• दुहाना: Kartā (उषास्-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √दुह् (to milk) + शानच् (मध्यम/आत्मनेपद वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• विश्वतः: from every side / on all sides
• विश्वतः: Adhikaraṇa (दिशि/परितः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विश्व- + तस् (अव्ययीभाव/तसिल्)

• प्रपीता: having drunk fully / well-sated
• प्रपीता: Kartā (उषास्-विशेषणम्)
• Type: Participle
• Root: प्र-√पा (to drink) + क्त (भूतकृदन्त); Vedic: ‘drunk/imbibed, having drunk’

• यूयम्: you (all)
• यूयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• पात: protect
• पात: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पा (to protect)

• स्वस्तिभिः: with well-being(s), with blessings
• स्वस्तिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्ति- (प्रातिपदिक)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikaraṇa (काल-अर्थे)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)

• नः: us
• नः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्