Rig Veda 7.8.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 8, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.8

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (book 7 attribution)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verify by scansion)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

इन्धे राजा समर्यो नमोभिर्यस्य प्रतीकमाहुतं घृतेन । नरो हव्येभिरीळते सबाध आग्निरग्र उषसामशोचि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.8.1

Transliteration

indhé rājā́ sámaryo námobhir yásya pratī́kam ā́hutaṃ ghṛténa | náro havyébhiḥ īḷate sabā́dha ā́gnir ágre uṣásām aśoci ||

Translation

The King is kindled, the noble Aryan, by acts of reverence—he whose face is offered with clarified light. Men adore him with the oblations, pressing close; Agni has shone out in front of the Dawns.

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Word by Word

• इन्धे: is kindled / kindles (for himself)
• इन्धे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: इन्ध् (idh) धातु

• राजा: the king (Agni)
• राजा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• समर्यः: the battle-ready / warlike
• समर्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• नमोभिः: with obeisances
• नमोभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रतीकम्: face; appearance; front
• प्रतीकम्: Kartā (आहुतम् इति विशेष्ये) / Karma (contextual)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतीक (प्रातिपदिक)

• आहुतम्: offered; invoked (as an oblation)
• आहुतम्: —
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: आ-हु (धातु) → आहुत (कृदन्त, भूतकर्मणि)

• घृतेन: with ghee
• घृतेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• नरः: men
• नरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• हव्येभिः: with oblations
• हव्येभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• ईळते: is praised / is invoked
• ईळते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईळ्/ईड् (īḷ/īḍ) धातु

• सबाध: together with (his) pressers/assailants; with resistance (i.e., amid opposition)
• सबाध: Adhikaraṇa (manner) / Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective/Adverbial (epithet)
• Root: सबाध (प्रातिपदिक)

• आग्निः: Agni
• आग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्रे: in front; at the fore
• अग्रे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable (locative used adverbially)
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• उषसाम्: of the dawns
• उषसाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उषस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अशोचि: shone; blazed
• अशोचि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच् (śuc) धातु