Rig Veda 7.63.1: Mandala 7, Sukta 63, Mantra 1

Sukta 7.63

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra; Mandala 7 attribution)

Devata: Sūrya/Savitṛ in association with Mitra–Varuṇa (solar vision as their 'eye')

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (11-syllable pādas; typical of Mandala 7 hymns)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उद्वेति सुभगो विश्वचक्षाः साधारणः सूर्यो मानुषाणाम् । चक्षुर्मित्रस्य वरुणस्य देवश्चर्मेव यः समविव्यक्तमांसि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 7.63.1

Transliteration

úd véti subhágo viśvácakṣāḥ sā́dhāraṇaḥ sū́ryo mā́nuṣāṇām | cákṣur mitrásya váruṇasya deváś cármeva yáḥ samávivyak támāṃsi ||

Translation

Up rises the luminous and fortunate Sun, the all-seeing Power held in common by all human beings—he is the eye of Mitra and of Varuṇa; like a skin drawn wide, he spreads out and makes manifest the hidden darknesses (so they can be overcome).

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Word by Word

• उद्: up, forth
• उद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् (upasarga) / ud

• वेति: goes, rises
• वेति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु) / √i

• सुभगः: the fortunate/auspicious one
• सुभगः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: सुभग (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वचक्षाः: all-seeing
• विश्वचक्षाः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective (bahuvrīhi)
• Root: विश्व-चक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• साधारणः: common (to all), shared
• साधारणः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साधारण (प्रातिपदिक)

• सूर्यः: the Sun
• सूर्यः: Kartā (apposition; main subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• मानुषाणाम्: of men, of humans
• मानुषाणाम्: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)

• चक्षुः: eye
• चक्षुः: Kartā (nominal predicate/apposition to सूर्यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• मित्रस्य: of Mitra
• मित्रस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• वरुणस्य: of Varuṇa
• वरुणस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवः: the god
• देवः: Kartā (apposition to सूर्यः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• चर्म: hide, skin
• चर्म: Karma (object of implied comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (of समविव्यक्त)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (upasarga)

• अविव्यक्त: has made manifest, has uncovered
• अविव्यक्त: Kartā (relative clause predicate agreeing with यः)
• Type: Verb-derived participle
• Root: व्यञ्ज्/व्यज् (धातु) / √vyañj (to make manifest) with vi + (a)vi- (intensifying/augment-like) + kta

• मांसि: fleshes, pieces of flesh (i.e., what is covered)
• मांसि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मांस (प्रातिपदिक)