Rig Veda 4.56.7: Mandala 4, Sukta 56, Mantra 7
Sukta 4.56
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Mitra-associated dual powers (Mitra–Varuṇa / Ādityas acting through harmony and order)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs complete scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मही मित्रस्य साधथस्तरन्ती पिप्रती ऋतम् । परि यज्ञं नि षेदथुः ॥
Transliteration
mahī́ mitrásya sādhathaḥ | tárantī pípraṭī ṛtám | pári yajñáṃ ní ṣedathuḥ ||
Translation
You accomplish the vast work of Mitra; crossing beyond, you foster and fill the Truth-Order. Encompassing the sacrifice, you take your seat within it, establishing harmony in the human offering.
Word by Word
महीthe great (f.)
मही:
Kartā (साधथः/तरन्ती/पिप्रती इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *meh₂- ‘मह्/मह्’ (to be great)
मित्रस्यof Mitra
मित्रस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध-षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
साधथःyou two accomplish
साधथः:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√साध् (साधयति) ‘to accomplish, make succeed’
तरन्तीcrossing over
तरन्ती:
Kartā (साधथः इत्यस्य कर्तृ-विशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Root√तॄ (तरति) ‘to cross, overcome’
पिप्रतीfilling / furthering
पिप्रती:
Kartā (साधथः इत्यस्य कर्तृ-विशेषणम्)
TypeVerb
Root√पॄ/पॢ (पिपर्ति) ‘to fill, further, strengthen’
ऋतम्ṛta (truth/order)
ऋतम्:
Karma (पिप्रती इत्यस्य कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) ‘cosmic order, truth’
परिaround
परि:
Upasarga/Adverbial (नि-षीदथुः इत्यस्य क्रियाविशेषणम्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यज्ञम्the sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
Karma (परि…नि षीदथुः इत्यस्य कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) < √यज् ‘to worship, sacrifice’
निdown, into
नि:
Upasarga (षीदथुः इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
षीदथुःyou two sit down / take your seat
षीदथुः:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√सद्/षद् (सीदति/षीदति) ‘to sit down, settle’
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