Rig Veda 2.3.2: Mandala 2, Sukta 3, Mantra 2

Sukta 2.3

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)

Devata: Narāśaṃsa (a sacrificial deity/function allied to Agni)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नराशंसः प्रति धामान्यञ्जन्तिस्रो दिवः प्रति मह्ना स्वर्चिः । घृतप्रुषा मनसा हव्यमुन्दन्मूर्धन्यज्ञस्य समनक्तु देवान् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.3.2

Transliteration

narāśáṃsaḥ práti dhā́māny añjan tisró dívaḥ práti mahnā́ sv-arcíḥ | ghṛtá-pruṣā mánasā hávyam úndan mū́rdhan yajñásya sám anaktu devā́n ||

Translation

Let Narāśaṃsa, kindling the stations, shine with his own flame toward the three heavens in his greatness. Pouring the offering with a mind that drips with clarified light, may he anoint the gods upon the head of the sacrifice.

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Word by Word

• नराशंसः: Narāśaṃsa (a divine priestly power; ‘praised by men’)
• नराशंसः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (proper/epithet)
• Root: नराशंस (प्रातिपदिक; नृ-शंस ‘men-praised’)

• प्रति: towards, in response to
• प्रति: (क्रियाविशेषण/दिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• धामानि: abodes; stations; ordinances
• धामानि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अञ्जन्ति: they anoint; they smear; they adorn
• अञ्जन्ति: (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज्

• तिस्रः: three (fem.)
• तिस्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (numeral)
• Root: त्रि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)

• दिवः: of heaven; of the sky
• दिवः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक ‘heaven, sky’)

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: (क्रियाविशेषण/दिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)

• मह्ना: by greatness; with might
• मह्ना: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मघन्/मह्न् (प्रातिपदिक ‘might, greatness’)

• स्वर्चिः: radiant; of good splendor
• स्वर्चिः: कर्तृ (नराशंसस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्चिस् (प्रातिपदिक; सु-र्चिस् ‘good-rayed, radiant’)

• घृतप्रुषा: with ghee-sprinkling (stream); by ghee-drops
• घृतप्रुषा: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृत-प्रुष् (समासप्रातिपदिक; ‘ghee-sprinkling’)

• मनसा: with mind; by intention
• मनसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• हव्यम्: the oblation; the offering
• हव्यम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘oblation, what is to be offered’)

• उन्दन्: pouring; wetting; streaming
• उन्दन्: कर्तृ (नराशंसः/स्वर्चिः)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: उन्द्

• मूर्धन्: the head; the summit
• मूर्धन्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• सम्: together; completely
• सम्: (क्रियाविशेषण; उपसर्गः)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: सम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अनक्तु: may he anoint; may he smear/adorn
• अनक्तु: (मुख्यक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अञ्ज् (सम्+अञ्ज्) → अनक्ति

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)