Rig Veda 2.3.11: Mandala 2, Sukta 3, Mantra 11

Sukta 2.3

Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional for RV 2.3)

Devata: Agni (as carrier of oblation; ghee imagery central)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

घृतं मिमिक्षे घृतमस्य योनिर्घृते श्रितो घृतम्वस्य धाम । अनुष्वधमा वह मादयस्व स्वाहाकृतं वृषभ वक्षि हव्यम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.3.11

Transliteration

ghṛtáṃ mimikṣe ghṛtám asya yóniḥ ghṛté śritó ghṛtám v asya dhā́ma | anu-svadhám ā́ vaha mā́dayasva svā́hā-kṛtaṃ vṛṣabha vakṣi havyám ||

Translation

Ghee is mingled; ghee is his womb; in ghee he is established, and ghee is his home. Bring (the offering) according to the right delight of your own law; grow intoxicated in it: O bull of power, carry the oblation that is made with svāhā.

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Word by Word

• घृतम्: ghee, clarified butter
• घृतम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत- (प्रातिपदिक)

• मिमिक्षे: has mixed/sprinkled (for himself); is mingled
• मिमिक्षे: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मिक्ष् (मिक्षँ) ‘मिश्रणे/सिञ्चने’

• घृतम्: ghee
• घृतम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत-

• अस्य: of him/its
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• योनिः: womb, source, resting-place
• योनिः: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि- (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृते: in ghee
• घृते: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत-

• श्रितः: resting, resorted
• श्रितः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Verb (participial)
• Root: √श्रि (श्रि॒ञ्) ‘आश्रये/निवासे’

• घृतम्: ghee
• घृतम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत-

• वस्य: of him/its (belonging to him)
• वस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वास/निवास’ अथवा ‘वसु’ सम्बन्ध)

• धाम: abode, station, dwelling
• धाम: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: धामन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु: after, along, in accordance
• अनु: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• स्वधमा: to/along his own abode/seat (proper station)
• स्वधमा: कर्म (गत्यर्थे लक्ष्य)
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: स्वधामन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्व-धामन्’)

• वह: carry! convey!
• वह: कर्तृ (आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (वहँ) ‘वहने’

• मा: me
• मा: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: hither, towards
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दयस्व: rejoice! be exhilarated!
• दयस्व: कर्तृ (आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मद् (मदँ) ‘हर्षे/मत्तत्वे’

• स्वाहाकृतम्: made with ‘svāhā’, offered with svāhā
• स्वाहाकृतम्: कर्म (हव्यस्य विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective/Participle (compound)
• Root: स्वाहा- + √कृ (कृञ्) ‘करणे’

• वृषभ: O bull (mighty one)
• वृषभ: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: वृषभ- (प्रातिपदिक)

• वक्षि: carry (thou)! convey!
• वक्षि: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (वहँ) ‘वहने’ (वैदिक: वक्षि = 2sg injunctive/aorist form)

• हव्यम्: the oblation, the offering to be invoked
• हव्यम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: हव्य- (प्रातिपदिक; √हू ‘आह्वाने’ से)