Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 81, Shloka 16

इन्द्रजितो मायासीतावधः

Indrajit’s Illusory Sita Episode and Hanuman’s Rebuke

Devanagari script

गृहीतमूर्धजांदृष्टवाहनुमान् दैन्यमागतः ।शोकजंवारिनेत्राभ्यामुत्सृजन्मारुतात्मजः ।।।।

Transliteration

gṛhīta-mūrdhajāṃ dṛṣṭvā hanumān dainyam āgataḥ | śokajaṃ vāri netrābhyām utsṛjan mārutātmajaḥ ||

Translation

Seeing her hair seized, Hanumān—the son of Māruta—fell into anguish, letting tears born of sorrow stream from his eyes.

Word by Word

• गृहीतमूर्धजाम्: (her) hair seized
• गृहीतमूर्धजाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गृहीत (कृदन्त; √ग्रह् ग्रहणे) + मूर्धजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय-भावः: 'गृहीता मूर्धजा यस्याः/यस्याम्' = 'whose hair is seized'); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (qualifying ताम्/सीताम् understood)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: N/A
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), 'having seen'

• हनुमान्: Hanumān
• हनुमान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दैन्यम्: dejection
• दैन्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाववाचक (abstract noun)

• आगतः: became/entered
• आगतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आगत (कृदन्त; √गम् गत्यर्थे)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'having come/entered (a state)'

• शोकजम्: born of sorrow
• शोकजम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोकज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: शोकात् जातम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (qualifying वारि)

• वारि: water/tears
• वारि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नेत्राभ्याम्: from (his) two eyes
• नेत्राभ्याम्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), द्विवचन; 'with/from (his) two eyes'

• उत्सृजन्: letting fall
• उत्सृजन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्सृजत् (कृदन्त; √सृज् त्यागे/सर्जने)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'letting fall'

• मारुतात्मजः: son of the Wind-god
• मारुतात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारुत + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: मारुतस्य आत्मजः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

Seeing Indrajith holding Sita's head, Maruti's son, was immersed in grief, and shed tears of sorrow from his eyes.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Māruta (Wind-god)
• Sītā (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Compassion is not weakness: dharma includes tender empathy for suffering, even in a warrior’s heart, alongside the duty to resist wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān witnesses the humiliating threat against Sītā and is overwhelmed with grief.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s karuṇā (compassion) and devotion—his emotional response reflects deep moral sensitivity.