Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 34

लङ्काप्रवेशः

Hanuman Enters Lanka and Encounters Laṅkā-devatā

Devanagari script

वनान्युपवनानीह लङ्कायाः काननानि च।सर्वतो गृहमुख्यानि द्रष्टुमागमनं हि मे।।।।

Transliteration

vanāny upavanānīha laṅkāyāḥ kānanāni ca | sarvato gṛha-mukhyāni draṣṭum āgamanaṃ hi me ||

Translation

I have come here to see Laṅkā’s gardens and groves, even its woodlands, and to look over its principal houses on every side.

Word by Word

• वनानि: woods/forests
• वनानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), बहुवचनम्

• उपवनानि: groves
• उपवनानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपवन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), बहुवचनम्

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्ययम् (locative adverb)

• लङ्कायाः: of Lanka
• लङ्कायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), एकवचनम्

• काननानि: forests
• काननानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कानन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• सर्वतः: everywhere
• सर्वतः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम् (indeclinable adverb); सर्वदिक्/सर्वतः (from all sides)

• गृहमुख्यानि: principal houses/buildings
• गृहमुख्यानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह + मुख्य (प्रातिपदिक; components: गृह + मुख्य)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative), बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (gṛhasya mukhyāni)

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• द्रष्टुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्तम् (infinitive), प्रयोजनार्थे (purpose)

• आगमनम्: coming/arrival
• आगमनम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आगमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative), एकवचनम्

• हि: indeed
• हि: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (particle)

• मे: of me/my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive), एकवचनम्

Context

"I have arrived here to see Lanka's gardens, groves and forests and also all the important houses".

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Hanumān frames his presence as purposeful observation in service of his mission, not indulgence; dharma here is disciplined intent aligned to a higher duty.

What is the narrative situation?

At Laṅkā’s threshold, Hanumān explains why he has come—he intends to survey the city, its environs, and key residences.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Mission-focus and clarity of purpose (kartavya-niṣṭhā): he states his objective plainly rather than acting covertly without rationale.