Shloka 46

किष्किन्धाप्रवेशः—लक्ष्मणस्य कोपः, तारासान्त्वम्, सुग्रीवदर्शनम्

Lakshmana Enters Kishkindha: Anger, Tara’s Mediation, and Sugriva Encountered

Devanagari script

न हि धर्मार्थसिद्ध्यर्थं पानमेवं प्रशस्यते।पानादर्थश्च धर्मश्च कामश्च परिहीयते।।।।

Transliteration

na hi dharmārthasiddhyarthaṃ pānam evaṃ praśasyate | pānād arthaś ca dharmaś ca kāmaś ca parihīyate ||

Translation

Drinking in this manner is not praised as a means to accomplish dharma and artha; for through drinking, wealth, righteousness, and even right desire are diminished.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa/hetu-nipāta (emphasis/causal particle)

• धर्मार्थसिद्ध्यर्थम्: for achieving dharma and artha
• धर्मार्थसिद्ध्यर्थम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) + सिद्धि (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: dharmārthayoḥ siddhyartham (for accomplishment of dharma and artha)

• पानम्: drinking
• पानम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• एवम्: thus/in this way
• एवम्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (adverb)

• प्रशस्यते: is praised
• प्रशस्यते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√शंस् (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada (passive-like sense: is praised)

• पानात्: from drinking
• पानात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Pañcamī, Ekavacana

• अर्थः: wealth/artha
• अर्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• कामः: desire/kāma
• कामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• परिहीयते: is diminished/lost
• परिहीयते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-√हा (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada; passive/intransitive sense: diminishes/is lost

Context

'Drinking this way does not help accomplishment of dharma and artha. It destroys wealth, ambition and righteousness.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• dharma
• artha
• kāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sense-control is integral to dharma: intoxication undermines the very aims (dharma and artha) it is sometimes falsely associated with, and it erodes moral judgment.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa confronts Sugrīva for delaying Rāma’s mission due to indulgence, warning that such conduct destroys prosperity and righteousness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s moral firmness and commitment to duty (kārya-niṣṭhā), insisting on disciplined conduct for righteous ends.