Shloka 19

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

रसाकुलं षट्पदसन्निकाशंप्रभुज्यते जम्बुफलं प्रकामम्।अनेकवर्णं पवनावधूतंभूमौ पतत्याम्रफलं विपक्वम्।।

Transliteration

rasākulaṃ ṣaṭpada-sannikāśaṃ prabhujyate jambuphalaṃ prakāmam | aneka-varṇaṃ pavanāvadhūtaṃ bhūmau pataty āmraphalaṃ vipakvam ||

Translation

Juicy jambu fruits, dark as bees, are eaten to one’s fill; and fully ripened mangoes, taking on many hues, are shaken down by the wind and fall upon the ground.

Word by Word

• rasākulam: full of juice
• rasākulam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rasa + ākula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: rasena ākulam (full of juice)

• ṣaṭpada-sannikāśam: like a black bee
• ṣaṭpada-sannikāśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṭpada + sannikāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: ṣaṭpadasya sannikāśa (resembling a bee)

• prabhujyate: is eaten/enjoyed
• prabhujyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√bhuj (भुज् धातु, भक्षणे)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person, Singular; Passive/impersonal sense in usage: 'is eaten/enjoyed'

• jambu-phalam: jambu fruit
• jambu-phalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jambu + phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: jambūyāḥ phalam

• prakāmam: to the full extent
• prakāmam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prakāma (अव्ययप्राय प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (adverb): 'at will, abundantly, to one's heart's content'

• aneka-varṇam: many-coloured
• aneka-varṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aneka + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; Karmadhāraya: 'many-coloured'

• pavana-avadhūtam: shaken by the wind
• pavana-avadhūtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pavana + ava-√dhū (धू धातु, कम्पने) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: pavanena avadhūtam (shaken by wind); PPP (क्त)

• bhūmau: on the ground
• bhūmau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (सप्तमी), Singular

• patati: falls
• patati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (पत् धातु, पतने)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• āmra-phalam: mango fruit
• āmra-phalam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āmra + phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; Tatpuruṣa: āmrasya phalam

• vipakvam: fully ripened
• vipakvam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√pac (पच् धातु, पाके) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; PPP (क्त) used adjectivally

Context

'Now that the rainy season has started, see the sky covered with mountain-like (huge) clouds.

Characters & Entities

• bees (ṣaṭpada)
• wind (pavana)
• ground (bhūmi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya about impermanence: ripeness leads to falling. Dharma-oriented living recognizes transience and avoids arrogance in prosperity, using abundance with gratitude and restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama points to monsoon abundance—fruits are plentiful and naturally drop as they ripen—showing the season’s fullness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moderation and gratitude: enjoying what is given without clinging.