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Shloka 16

वाली–रामसंवादः

Rama’s Justification to Vali on Rājadharma

चपलश्चपलैस्सार्धं वानरैरकृतात्मभिः।जात्यन्ध इव जात्यन्धैर्मन्त्रयन् प्रेक्षसे नु किम्।।

capalaś capalaiḥ sārdhaṁ vānarair akṛtātmabhiḥ | jātyandha iva jātyandhair mantrayan prekṣase nu kim ||

Fickle yourself, and taking counsel with fickle, undisciplined monkeys, you are like one blind from birth led by others blind from birth—what understanding can you hope to gain?

capalaḥfickle (one)
capalaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootcapala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; used substantively addressing/depicting ‘you’
capalaiḥwith the fickle ones
capalaiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक/Instrumental of accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootcapala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/तृतीया), Bahuvacana
sārdhamtogether with
sārdham:
Saha (सह/Accompaniment marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsārdham (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upasarga-sadṛśa adverb meaning ‘together/along with’
vānaraiḥwith monkeys
vānaraiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootvānara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
akṛta-ātmabhiḥwith the undisciplined (petty-minded)
akṛta-ātmabhiḥ:
Sahakāraka-anuguṇa (सहकारक-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-kṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ कृ (धातु), past participle with negation) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; samāsa: nañ-tatpuruṣa ‘akṛta ātmā yeṣām’ (undisciplined/petty-minded); qualifies ‘vānaraiḥ’
jātyandhaḥone blind from birth
jātyandhaḥ:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootjāti (प्रातिपदिक) + andha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa ‘jātyā andhaḥ’ (blind by birth)
ivaas if/like
iva:
Upamā-dyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-vācaka (comparative particle)
jātyandhaiḥwith those blind from birth
jātyandhaiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootjāti (प्रातिपदिक) + andha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; accompaniment with ‘sārdham’ implied
mantrayancounselling/consulting
mantrayan:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/Concomitant action)
TypeVerb
Root√mantr मन्त्र् (धातु)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (Present active participle/शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; parasmaipada; agrees with implied ‘tvam’
prekṣaseyou look/consider
prekṣase:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√īkṣ ईक्ष् (धातु) with preverb pra- (प्र)
FormLaṭ-lakāra, Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person/मध्यमपुरुष), Ekavacana; ātmanepada
nuindeed/then (question particle)
nu:
Prayojaka-nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; interrogative/emphatic particle (प्रश्न/निपात)
kimwhy/for what
kim:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; interrogative pronoun used adverbially (‘for what purpose’)

'You are fickle by nature. Your consultants are frivolous, petty-minded monkeys. It is like one born blind suppporting another blind by birth. What do you know (about dharma)?

R
Rama
V
Vali
V
Vanaras (monkeys)

FAQs

Right action depends on disciplined judgment and wise counsel; moral blindness is reinforced by surrounding oneself with similarly unprincipled advisors.

Rama rebukes Vali’s decision-making, implying that Vali’s ethical confusion is worsened by poor company and counsel.

Discernment in choosing advisers—an essential virtue of rāja-dharma.