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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 2, Shloka 12

द्वितीयः सर्गः — श्लोकप्रादुर्भावः

The Manifestation of the Śloka

तं शोणितपरीताङ्गं वेष्टमानं महीतले ।भार्या तु निहतं दृष्ट्वा रुराव करुणां गिरम् ।।1.2.11।। वियुक्ता पतिना तेन द्विजेन सहचारिणा ।ताम्रशीर्षेण मत्तेन पत्रिणा सहितेन वै ।।1.2.12।।

viyuktā patinā tena dvijena sahacāriṇā |

tāmraśīrṣeṇa mattena patriṇā sahitena vai ||1.2.12||

Separated from that winged companion—her husband ever at her side, copper-crested and intoxicated with love—the female was left bereft.

वियुक्ताseparated
वियुक्ता:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-युज् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त; past passive participle): वियुक्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भाववाचक (state: separated)
पतिनाfrom (her) husband
पतिना:
अपादान/हेतु (Source/Cause of separation)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
तेनby/with that
तेन:
विशेषण/सम्बन्ध (Demonstrative qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
द्विजेनwith the male bird
द्विजेन:
अपादान/सम्बन्ध (Source/association)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
सहचारिणा(her) companion
सहचारिणा:
सम्बन्ध (Appositional qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसहचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (companion)
ताम्रशीर्षेणwith copper-coloured head
ताम्रशीर्षेण:
सम्बन्ध (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootताम्र + शीर्ष (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formकर्मधारय: ताम्रं शीर्षं यस्य; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
मत्तेनinfatuated
मत्तेन:
सम्बन्ध (Qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootमद् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त): मत्त; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (intoxicated/infatuated)
पत्रिणाwinged one
पत्रिणा:
सम्बन्ध (Qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (winged)
सहितेनtogether with, united
सहितेन:
सम्बन्ध (Qualifier)
TypeVerb
Rootसह् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त): सहित; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (accompanied/united)
वैindeed
वै:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

The female companion saw the male bird struck down by the hunter and rolling on the earth, drenched in blood. Separated from her winged comparion with coppercrested head intoxicated with her love, the female companion lifted a piteous wail.

FAQs

Dharma recognizes the sanctity of bonds and the harm caused by violating them; the verse underscores the ethical gravity of breaking a faithful companionship through violence.

The narration stresses the closeness of the pair and the female’s sudden separation from her mate after his death.

The ideal of steadfast companionship (sahacāra) is highlighted, making the loss morally poignant and compassion-inducing.