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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 14

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Lakṣmaṇa’s militant counsel and Rāma’s dharma-based persuasion of Kausalyā

बलमेष किमाश्रित्य हेतुं वापुरुषर्षभ।दातुमिच्छति कैकेय्यै राज्यं स्थितमिदं तव।।2.21.14।।

balam eṣa kim āśritya hetuṃ vā puruṣarṣabha |

dātum icchati kaikeyyai rājyaṃ sthitam idaṃ tava ||2.21.14||

O best of men, relying on what power—or on what reason—does this king wish to give to Kaikeyī the kingdom that rightfully stands as yours?

balampower/strength
balam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (singular)
eṣaḥthis man/he
eṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; sarvanāma (pronoun)
kimwhat
kim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; interrogative pronoun
āśrityahaving resorted to
āśritya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootā-śri (धातु)
FormKtvānta (क्त्वान्त) absolutive/gerund; ‘having resorted to’
hetumreason/cause
hetum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothetu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormVikalpa-avyaya (विकल्पार्थक अव्यय) conjunction ‘or’
puruṣarṣabhaO best of men
puruṣarṣabha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa + ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga, Sambodhana vibhakti (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa ‘men’s bull’
dātumto give
dātum:
Prayojana/Anukriyā (प्रयोजन/अनुक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु)
FormTumunanta (तुमुनन्त) infinitive; ‘to give’
icchatiwishes/desires
icchati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootiṣ (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
kaikeyyaito Kaikeyi
kaikeyyai:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootkaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Caturthī vibhakti (4th/चतुर्थी), Ekavacana
rājyamkingdom
rājyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana
sthitamestablished/standing (as yours)
sthitam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √sthā धातु)
FormKta (क्त) past passive participle; Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with rājyam
idamthis
idam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun; agrees with rājyam
tavayour
tava:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana; pronoun

What authority, O Rama, chastiser of foes, this king has to bestow the kingdom upon Bharata by entering into undesirable hostility towards you and me?

R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha (the king)
K
Kaikeyī

FAQs

It questions legitimacy and rightful succession: dharma in kingship requires decisions grounded in justice and established right, not arbitrary transfer under improper influence.

Lakṣmaṇa challenges the rationale behind Daśaratha’s decision to redirect the kingdom’s succession under Kaikeyī’s demand.

Moral courage to question authority and defend what is perceived as rightful order—paired with intense protectiveness toward Rāma.