Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 100, Shloka 47

शततमः सर्गः — Rāma Questions Bharata on Rājadharma

Governance, Counsel, and Public Welfare

Devanagari script

कच्चित्ते दयितास्सर्वे कृषिगोरक्षजीविनः।वार्तायां संश्रितस्तात लोको हि सुखमेधते।।।।

Transliteration

kaccit te dayitāḥ sarve kṛṣigorakṣajīvinaḥ |

vārtāyāṃ saṃśritas tāta loko hi sukham edhate || 2.100.47 ||

Translation

Are all those dear to you—who live by farming and the tending of cattle—well? For, dear one, the people prosper happily when they are supported by vārttā, the productive means of livelihood.

Word by Word

• कच्चित्: I hope; is it so?
• कच्चित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kaccit (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle), आशङ्का/आश्वासनार्थे ‘I hope/Is it the case?’

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana (सम्प्रदानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी/चतुर्थी? एकवचन; अत्र दत्तिवाचक-सम्बन्धे चतुर्थी एकवचन (to you)

• दयिताः: dear; well-disposed
• दयिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dayita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (beloved/favourable)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (all)

• कृषि-गोरक्ष-जीविनः: those living by farming and cattle-rearing
• कृषि-गोरक्ष-जीविनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + go-rakṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + jīvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; उपजीव्य-तत्पुरुषः (कृष्या गोरक्षया च जीविनः)

• वार्तायाम्: in (their) occupation
• वार्तायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vārttā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण (in livelihood/occupation)

• संश्रितः: dependent; resorting to
• संश्रितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-śri (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘आश्रित/निर्भर’

• तात: dear child
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन

• लोकः: the people; the world
• लोकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)

• सुखम्: happily; in comfort
• सुखम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (happily)

• एधते: prospers; grows
• एधते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: edh (धातु)
• Form: लट् लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

I trust all those men who live on agriculture and cattle-rearing are favourable to you.The world's prosperity, dear brother, grows on the profession of cattle rearing.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rājadharma includes protecting and valuing the productive classes—farmers and cattle-rearers—because society’s stability and welfare depend on sustainable livelihoods.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma asks whether Bharata maintains good relations with agrarian and pastoral communities, emphasizing that a kingdom’s prosperity rests on them.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical wisdom in governance: recognizing that ethical rule must be supported by economic well-being and protection of those who sustain the realm.