Shloka 25

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

Devanagari script

तुषारपतनाच्चैव मृदुत्वाद्भास्करस्य च।शैत्यादगाग्रस्थमपि प्रायेण रसवज्जलम्।।।।

Transliteration

tuṣārapatanāc caiva mṛdutvād bhāskarasya ca |

śaityād agāgrastham api prāyeṇa rasavaj jalam ||

Translation

Because of falling frost, the sun’s gentleness, and the cold, even water coming from the mountain-top is, for the most part, lacking in pleasant taste.

Word by Word

• तुषार-पतनात्: from snowfall
• तुषार-पतनात्: हेतु (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तुषार (प्रातिपदिक) + पतन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तुषारस्य पतनम्)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction: and)

• एव: indeed
• एव: सम्बन्ध (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis: indeed/just)

• मृदुत्वात्: from mildness
• मृदुत्वात्: हेतु (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृदुत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• भास्करस्य: of the sun
• भास्करस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• शैत्यात्: from coldness
• शैत्यात्: हेतु (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• अग-अग्र-स्थम्: situated at the mountain-top
• अग-अग्र-स्थम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अग (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (अगस्य अग्रे स्थितम्); जलम् इति विशेषण

• अपि: even/although
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अप्यर्थ/समुच्चय (particle: even/also)

• प्रायेण: generally
• प्रायेण: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्राय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावे प्रयुक्तं तृतीया-एकवचनरूपम्; क्रियाविशेषण (generally)

• रसवत्: tasty/sweet
• रसवत्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रसवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; जलम् इति विशेषण

• जलम्: water
• जलम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

Due to snowfall, mildness of the Sun, and coldness (of weather) even the water flowing from the mountain top is not generally tasty.

Characters & Entities

• sun (bhāskara)
• water (jala)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes endurance: even what is normally refreshing (mountain water) can become unpleasant due to conditions; a disciplined person adapts without complaint and maintains right conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama remarks on winter’s effects: frost and weak sunlight make even highland water less palatable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Forbearance (titikṣā)—accepting discomfort while continuing one’s chosen duty.