Adhyaya 23

Verse 1

भीष्म उवाच । वैष्णवा ये तु वै धर्मा यान्रुद्रः प्रोक्तवानिह । तान्मे कथय विप्रेंद्र कीदृशास्ते फलं तु किम्

Bhīṣma said: “O best of brāhmaṇas, please tell me about those Vaiṣṇava duties that Rudra has taught here—what are they like, and what fruit (phala) do they bestow?”

Verse 2

पुलस्त्य उवाच । पुरा रथंतरे कल्पे परिपृष्टो महात्मना । मंदरस्थो महादेवः पिनाकी ब्रह्मणा स्वयम्

Pulastya said: In ancient times, in the Rathantara Kalpa, Mahādeva—Pinākī, bearer of the bow Pināka—while dwelling on Mount Mandara, was questioned by the great-souled Brahmā himself.

Verse 3

कथमारोग्यमैश्वर्यमनंतममरेश्वर । अल्पेन तपसा देव भवेन्मोक्षः सदा नृणां

O Lord of the immortals, how may men ever attain health and endless prosperity? And, O God, how can liberation arise for them through only a little austerity?

Verse 4

किं तज्ज्ञानं महादेव त्वत्प्रसादादधोक्षज । अल्पकेनापि तपसा महाफलमिहोच्यते

O Mahādeva, what is that knowledge which, by your grace, leads to Adhokṣaja, the Transcendent beyond the senses? And how is it said that even a small measure of austerity here yields great fruit?

Verse 5

इति पृष्टस्स विश्वात्मा ब्रह्मणा लोकभावनः । उमापतिरुवाचेदं मनसः प्रीतिकारकम्

Thus questioned by Brahmā, the universal Self—Śiva, sustainer of the worlds—spoke these words, which delight the mind.

Verse 6

ईश्वर उवाच । अस्माद्रथंतरात्कल्पाद्भूयो विंशतिमो यदा । वाराहो भविता कल्पस्तदा मन्वंतरे शुभे

Īśvara said: When, counting onward from this Rathantara Kalpa, the twentieth Kalpa arrives, that will be the Varāha Kalpa, occurring in an auspicious Manvantara.

Verse 7

वैवस्वताख्ये संप्राप्ते सप्तमे सप्तलोकधृक् । द्वापराख्यं युगं तस्मिन्सप्तविंशतिमं यदा

When the seventh Manvantara, known as Vaivasvata, had arrived—O Sustainer of the seven worlds—when, in that time, the Dvāpara Yuga had come, the twenty-seventh in sequence…

Verse 8

तस्यां ते तु महातेजा वासुदेवो जनार्दनः । भारावतरणार्थाय त्रिधा विष्णुर्भविष्यति

In that lineage, the greatly radiant Lord Vāsudeva—Janārdana—will manifest as Viṣṇu in three forms, for the purpose of lightening the burden of the earth.

Verse 9

द्वैपायन ऋषिस्तत्र रौहिणेयोथ केशवः । कंसारिः केशिमथनः केशवः क्लेशनाशनः

There the sage Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa) is present, and also Rauhiṇeya (Balarāma) and Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)—the foe of Kaṃsa, the slayer of Keśin, Keśava, the remover of afflictions.

Verse 10

पुरीं द्वारवतीं नाम सांप्रतं या कुशस्थली । दिव्यानुभावसंयुक्तामधिवासाय शार्ङ्गिणः

That city, now called Dvāravatī—formerly known as Kuśasthalī—endowed with divine majesty, became the dwelling-place of Śārṅgin, the bearer of the Śārṅga bow.

Verse 11

त्वष्टा तदाज्ञया ब्रह्मन्करिष्यति जगत्पतेः । तस्यां कदाचिदासीनः सभायां सोऽमितद्युतिः

O Brahman, Tvaṣṭṛ will carry it out according to that command of the Lord of the world. Once, that being of immeasurable splendor was seated in the assembly-hall.

Verse 12

भार्याभिर्वृष्णिविद्वद्भिभूरिभिर्भूरिदक्षिणैः । कुरुभिर्देवगंधर्वैरन्वितः कैटभार्दनः

Accompanied by his consorts, by learned Vṛṣṇis, by many attendants and by those who bestowed abundant dakṣiṇā, and attended also by the Kurus and the divine Gandharvas, the slayer of Kaiṭabha proceeded there.

Verse 13

प्रवृत्तासु पुराणासु धर्मसंबधधिनीषु च । कथासु भीमसेनेन परिपृष्टः प्रतापवान्

As the Purāṇic discourses, bound to dharma, were in progress, the illustrious and mighty one was questioned by Bhīmasena amid those sacred narratives.

Verse 14

त्वया पृष्टस्य धर्मस्य वक्ष्यत्यस्य च भेददृक् । भविता स तदा ब्रह्मन्कर्ता चैव वृकोदरः

O Brahmin, the discerning one who distinguishes the divisions of Dharma will expound the Dharma you have asked about; and at that time Vṛkodara himself will be the one to carry it out.

Verse 15

प्रवर्तकोऽस्य धर्मस्य पांडुसूनुर्महाबलः । यस्य तीक्ष्णो वृको नाम जठरे हव्यवाहनः

The mighty son of Pāṇḍu is the promoter of this dharma—he in whose belly blazes the oblation-bearing fire, keen and sharp, known as Vṛka.

Verse 16

संभाष्यते स धर्मात्मा तेन चासौ वृकोदरः । अतीव स्वादशीलश्च नागायुत बलो महान्

That righteous-souled one conversed with him; and he indeed was Vṛkodara—exceedingly fond of delicious food, and possessed of immense strength, equal to ten thousand elephants.

Verse 17

धार्मिकस्याप्यशक्तस्य तीव्राग्नित्वादुपोषणे । इदं व्रतमशेषाणां व्रतानामधिकं यतः

Because even a righteous person who is weak cannot endure fasting, owing to the fierce fire of digestion, this observance is therefore regarded as superior to all other vows.

Verse 18

कथयिष्यति विश्वात्मा वासुदेवो जगद्गुरुः । अशेषयज्ञफलदमशेषाघविनाशनम्

The Universal Self—Vāsudeva, the Guru of the world—will expound this: He who bestows the fruits of all sacrifices and destroys all sin without remainder.

Verse 19

अशेषदुष्टशमनमशेषसुरपूजितम् । पवित्राणां पवित्रं यन्मगलानां च मंगलम् । भविष्यं च भविष्याणां पुराणानां पुरातनम्

It is the complete subduer of all wickedness, worshipped by all the gods; the purest among all that is pure, the auspiciousness among all that is auspicious; the very “future” of all that is to come, and the most ancient among the Purāṇas.

Verse 20

वासुदेव उवाच । यद्यष्टमी चतुर्द्दश्योर्द्वादशीषु च भारत । अन्येष्वपि दिनर्क्षेषु नशक्तस्त्वमुपोषितुम्

Vāsudeva said: O Bhārata, if you are not able to fast on the eighth, the fourteenth, and the twelfth lunar days, nor on other days and auspicious occasions,

Verse 21

ततस्त्वग्र्यामिमां भीम तिथिं पापप्रणाशिनीम् । उपोष्य विधिनानेन गच्छ विष्णोः परं पदं

Therefore, O Bhīma, observe this foremost holy lunar day, the destroyer of sins. Having fasted on it according to the prescribed rite, you will attain the supreme abode of Viṣṇu.

Verse 22

माघमासस्य दशमी यदा शुक्ला भवेत्तदा । घृतेनाभ्यंजनं कृत्वा तिलैः स्नानं समाचरेत्

When, in the month of Māgha, the tenth lunar day (Daśamī) falls in the bright fortnight, one should anoint the body with ghee and then duly perform a bath using sesame.

Verse 23

तथैव विष्णुमभ्यर्चेन्नमो नारायणाय च । कृष्णाय पादौ संपूज्य शिरः कृष्णात्मनेति च

In the same manner, one should worship Viṣṇu, saying, “Namo Nārāyaṇāya.” Then, venerating the feet with “(Homage) to Kṛṣṇa,” one should worship the head with “(Homage) to Him whose very Self is Kṛṣṇa.”

Verse 24

वैकुंठायेति वैकंठमुरः श्रीवत्सधारिणे । शंखिने गदिने चैव चक्रिणे वरदाय वै

“(Salutations) to Vaikuṇṭha—indeed, to the Lord of Vaikuṇṭha: to Him whose chest bears the Śrīvatsa mark; to the bearer of the conch, the mace, and the discus; and truly to the bestower of boons.”

Verse 25

सर्वं नारायणन्त्वेवं संपूज्यावाहनक्रमात् । दामोदरायेत्युदरं कटिं पंचजनाय वै

Thus, having duly worshipped all as Nārāyaṇa according to the proper sequence of invocation, (one should touch and dedicate) the belly with the mantra “(obeisance) to Dāmodara,” and the waist with “(obeisance) to Pañcajana.”

Verse 26

ऊरूसौभाग्यनाथाय जानुनी भूतधारिणे । नमो नीलाय वै जंघे पादौ विश्वभुजे पुनः

Salutations to the thighs, the lord of auspicious fortune; to the knees, the bearers of all beings. Salutations to the dark-hued shanks; and again, to the feet of the all-supporting Lord.

Verse 27

नमो देव्यै नमः शांत्यै नमो लक्ष्म्यै नमः श्रियै । नमस्तुष्ट्यै नमः पुष्ट्यै धृत्यै व्युष्ट्यै नमो नमः

Salutations to the Goddess; salutations to Peace. Salutations to Lakṣmī; salutations to Śrī. Salutations to Contentment; salutations to Nourishment. Salutations to Steadfastness and to the Dawn—again and again, salutations.

Verse 28

नमो विहंगनाथाय वायुवेगाय पक्षिणे । विषप्रमथनायेति गरुडं चाभिपूजयेत्

One should worship Garuḍa, saying: “Homage to the lord of birds, swift as the wind, the winged one—destroyer of poison.”

Verse 29

एवं संपूज्य गोविंदमुमापतिविनायकौ । गंधैर्माल्यैस्तथा धूपैर्भक्ष्यैर्नानाविधैरपि

Thus, having duly worshipped Govinda, as well as Umāpati (Śiva) and Vināyaka (Gaṇeśa), with fragrances, garlands, incense, and various kinds of food-offerings too.

Verse 30

गव्येन पयसा सिक्तां कृसरामथ पायसम् । सर्पिषा सह भुक्त्वा तु गत्वा स्थानांतरं पुनः

After eating kṛsarā and pāyasa, moistened with cow’s milk and accompanied by ghee, he then went again to another place.

Verse 31

नैयग्रोधं दंतकाष्ठमथवा खादिरं बुधः । गृहीत्वा धावयेद्दंतानाचांतः प्रागुदङ्मुखः

A wise person should take a tooth-stick of banyan (nyagrodha) or khadira and, after rinsing the mouth, should clean the teeth while facing east or north.

Verse 32

ब्रूयात्सायंतनीं कृत्वा संध्यामस्तमिते रवौ । नमो नारायणायेति त्वामहं शरणं गतः

Having performed the evening sandhyā when the sun has set, one should say: “Salutations to Nārāyaṇa; to You I have come for refuge.”

Verse 33

एकादश्यां निराहारः समभ्यर्च्य च केशवम् । तां रात्रिं सकलां स्थित्वा शेषपर्यंकशायिनम्

On the day of Ekādaśī, fasting without food, one should duly worship Keśava; then, keeping vigil through the entire night, contemplate Him who reclines upon the couch of Śeṣa.

Verse 34

सर्पिषा विश्वदहनं हुत्वा ब्राह्मणपुंगवैः । सहैव पुंडरीकाक्षं द्वादश्यां क्षीरभोजनम्

Having offered an oblation of ghee into the all-consuming fire by eminent Brahmins, on the day of Dvādaśī one should take a meal of milk, together with worship of Puṇḍarīkākṣa, the lotus-eyed Lord.

Verse 35

करिष्यामि यथात्मानं निर्विघ्नेनास्तु तच्च मे । एवमुक्त्वा स्वपेद्भूमावितिहासकथां पुनः

“I shall do it according to my ability; may it be accomplished for me without obstacles.” Having said this, he lay down upon the ground and again resumed the narrative of ancient tradition.

Verse 36

श्रुत्वा प्रभाते संजाते नदीं गत्वा विशांपते । स्नानं कृत्वा मुदा तद्वत्पाषण्डानभिवर्जयेत्

O lord of the people, when morning has arisen, having heard the prescribed recitation, one should go to the river and bathe with joy; likewise, one should completely avoid the pāṣaṇḍas, the anti-Vedic sectarians.

Verse 37

उपास्य सन्ध्यां विधिवत्कृत्वा च पितृतर्पणम् । प्रणम्य च हृषीकेशं शेषपर्यङ्कशायिनम्

Having duly performed the Sandhyā rites and the libations to the ancestors, he bowed in reverence to Hṛṣīkeśa—Viṣṇu—who reclines upon the couch of Śeṣa.

Verse 38

गृहस्य पुरतो भक्त्या मण्डपं कारयेद्बुधः । चतुर्हस्तां शुभां कुर्याद्वेदीमरिनिषूदन

In front of the house, the wise one should, with devotion, have a maṇḍapa built; and he should make an auspicious altar-platform measuring four hastas, O slayer of enemies.

Verse 39

चतुर्हस्तप्रमाणं तु विन्यसेत्तत्र तोरणम् । मध्ये च कलशं तत्र माषमात्रेण संयुतम्

There one should set up a toraṇa, an archway, measuring four hastas; and in the middle one should place a kalaśa, furnished with an amount equal to a māṣa.

Verse 40

छिद्रेण जलसंपूर्णमधः कृष्णाजिने स्थितः । तस्य धारां च शिरसा धारयेत्सकलां निशाम्

Seated upon a black antelope-skin beneath a water-filled vessel with a small hole, one should bear upon the head the unbroken stream of that water throughout the entire night.

Verse 41

धाराभिर्भूरिभिर्भूरि फलं वेदविदो विदुः । यस्मात्तस्मात्कुरुश्रेष्ठ कारयेत्प्रयतो द्विजः

The knowers of the Veda declare that abundant streams yield abundant fruit. Therefore, O best of the Kurus, a devoted brāhmaṇa should have this performed with careful attention.

Verse 42

दक्षिणे चार्धचंद्रं तु पश्चिमे वर्तुलं तथा । अश्वत्थपत्राकारं च उत्तरेण तु कारयेत्

On the southern side one should fashion a half-moon form; on the western side, a circle; and on the northern side one should shape it like an aśvattha (sacred fig) leaf.

Verse 43

मध्ये तु पद्माकारं च कारयेद्वैष्णवो द्विजः । पूर्वतो वेदिकां स्थो न स्थो न याम्ये च कल्पयेत्

In the middle, the Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇa should have a lotus-shaped design made. He should set the altar-platform to the east, and he should not place it on the southern side.

Verse 44

पानीयधारां शिरसि धारयेद्विष्णुतत्परः । द्वितीया वेदी देवस्य तत्र पद्मं सकर्णिकम्

One who is devoted to Viṣṇu should pour a stream of water upon his head. This is the deity’s second altar; there is a lotus with its pericarp (karnikā).

Verse 45

तस्य मध्ये स्थितं देवं कुर्याद्वै पुरुषोत्तमम् । हस्तमात्रं च तत्कुंडं कृत्वा तत्र त्रिमेखलम्

In its center one should install the Supreme Lord, Puruṣottama. And having made that ritual pit (kuṇḍa) only a cubit in measure, one should fashion there a threefold enclosing ring (tri-mekhalā).

Verse 46

योनिवक्त्रं ततस्तस्मिन्ब्राह्मणैर्यवसर्पिषी । तिलांश्च विष्णुदेवत्यैर्मंत्रैरेवानले हुनेत्

Then, at that yoni-shaped fire-mouth, the brāhmaṇas should offer barley and ghee, and also sesame seeds, into the fire—reciting mantras dedicated to Lord Viṣṇu.

Verse 47

कृत्वा तु वैष्णवं सम्यग्यागं तत्र प्रकल्पयेत् । आज्यधारा मध्यमे तु कुंडे दद्यात्तु यत्नतः

Having duly arranged there a proper Vaiṣṇava sacrifice, one should then perform it; and with care one should offer a stream of ghee into the central fire-pit.

Verse 48

क्षीरधारां देवदेवे वारिधारात्मनोपरि । निष्पावार्धप्रमाणां वै धारामाज्यस्य पातयेत्

Over the stream of water poured upon oneself, one should pour a stream of milk for Devadeva; and indeed one should pour a stream of ghee in the measure of half a niṣpāva.

Verse 49

स्वेच्छया क्षीरजलयोरविच्छिन्नां च शर्वरीं । जलकुंभान्महावीर्य स्थापयित्वा त्रयोदश

O mighty one, by his own will he made the night unbroken upon the waters of milk and water; then, taking the water-pitchers, he set up thirteen.

Verse 50

भक्ष्यैर्नानाविधैर्युक्तान्सितवस्त्रैरलंकृतान् । प्रतानौदुंबरैः पात्रैः पंचरत्नसमन्वितैः

They were furnished with many kinds of delicacies, adorned with white garments, and supplied with spreading canopies and udumbara-wood vessels, embellished with the five precious gems.

Verse 51

चतुर्भिर्बह्वृचैर्होमः कार्यस्तत्र उदङ्मुखैः । रुद्रजाप्यश्चतुर्भिश्च यजुर्वेदपरायणैः

There, the homa should be performed by four Ṛgvedic reciters facing north; and likewise the Rudra-japa should be done by four persons devoted to the Yajurveda.

Verse 52

वैष्णवानि च सामानि चतुर्भिः सामवेदिभिः । एवं द्वादश वै विप्रान्वस्त्रमाल्यानुलेपनैः

And Vaiṣṇava and Sāman hymns were recited by four Sāmaveda priests; thus indeed the twelve brāhmaṇas were honoured with garments, garlands, and fragrant unguents.

Verse 53

पूजयेदंगुलीयैश्च कटकैर्हेमसूत्रकैः । वासोभिः शयनीयैश्च वित्तशाठ्यविवर्जितः

Free from deceit regarding his wealth, he should perform worship by offering rings, bracelets, golden threads, garments, and bedding.

Verse 54

एवं क्षपातिवाह्या वै गीतमङ्गलनिःस्वनैः । उपाध्यायस्य च पुनर्द्विगुणं सर्वमेव तु

Thus indeed, for the one who is carried through the night amid the resonant sounds of auspicious songs; and for the preceptor (upādhyāya), moreover, everything is to be doubled.

Verse 55

ततः प्रभाते विमले समुत्थाय त्रयोदश । गावो देयाः कुरुश्रेष्ठ सौवर्णशृंगसंवृताः

Then, at the pure and auspicious dawn, rising up, O best of the Kurus, thirteen cows should be given in donation, their horns covered with gold.

Verse 56

पयस्विन्यः शीलवत्यः कांस्यदोहसमन्विताः । रौप्यखुराः सवत्साश्च चंदनेनाभिभूषिताः

They were milk-yielding cows of good disposition, furnished with bronze milking-vessels; with silver hooves, accompanied by their calves, and adorned with sandalwood paste.

Verse 57

तास्तु तेषां ततो दत्वा भक्ष्यभोज्येन तर्पितान् । कृत्वा वै ब्राह्मणान्सर्वान्छत्रैर्नानाविधैस्तथा

Then, having given those gifts to them and satisfied them with foods to eat and meals to enjoy, he indeed honored all the brāhmaṇas likewise with umbrellas of various kinds.

Verse 58

भुक्त्वा चाक्षारलवणमात्मना च विसर्जयेत् । अनुगम्य पदान्यष्टौ पुत्रभार्यासमन्वितः

Having eaten the alkaline-salt mixture, he should then relinquish his body by his own will; accompanied by his son and wife, he proceeds onward for eight steps.

Verse 59

प्रीयतामत्र देवेशः केशवः क्लेशनाशनः । एवं गुर्वाज्ञया कुंभान्गाश्चैव शयनानि च

May Keśava—the Lord of the gods, the remover of afflictions—be pleased here. Thus, in accordance with the guru’s command, the water-pots, the cows, and also the beds were arranged.

Verse 60

वासांसि चैव सर्वेषां गृहाणि प्रापयेद्बुधः । अभावे बहुशय्यानामेकामपि सुसंस्कृताम्

A wise person should provide clothing for everyone and arrange dwellings for them. If many beds are not available, he should offer at least one well-prepared, properly furnished bed.

Verse 61

शय्यां दद्याद्गृही भीम सर्वोपस्करसंयुताम् । इतिहासपुराणानि वाचयित्वा तु वाहयेत्

O Bhīma, a householder should donate a bed fully furnished with all its accessories; and, after reciting the Itihāsas and the Purāṇas, he should have them carried and arranged with due reverence.

Verse 62

तद्दिनं कुरुशार्दूल य इच्छेद्विपुलां श्रियम् । तस्मात्त्वं सत्त्वमालंब्य भीमसेन विमत्सरः

O tiger among the Kurus, let that day be observed by one who desires abundant prosperity. Therefore, O Bhīmasena, relying on goodness (sattva), be free from envy.

Verse 63

कुरु व्रतमिदं सम्यक्स्नेहाद्गुह्यं मयोदितम् । त्वया कृतमिदं वीर त्वन्नाम्ना च भविष्यति

Perform this vow properly; out of affection I have revealed to you this secret teaching. When you, O hero, have undertaken it, it shall also come to be known by your name.

Verse 64

सा भीमद्वादशी ह्येषा सर्वपापहरा शुभा । या तु कल्याणिनी नाम पुरा कल्पेषु पठ्यते

This indeed is the Bhīma-dvādaśī—auspicious and the remover of all sins; and in the ancient kalpas it is also recited under the name “Kalyāṇinī.”

Verse 65

त्वं चादिकर्ता भव सौकरेस्मिन्कल्पे महावीर वरप्रधान । यस्याः स्मृतेः कीर्तनतोप्यशेषं पापं प्रणष्टं त्रिदशाधिपस्य

And you, O great hero, bestower of boons—become the primal creator in this Saukara Kalpa. By remembering her and even by chanting her name, all sin is destroyed—even in the case of the lord of the gods.

Verse 66

दृष्ट्वा च तामप्सरसामभीष्टां वेश्याकृतामन्यभवांतरेषु । जाताथ सा वैश्यकुलोद्भवापि पुलोमकन्या पुरुहूतपत्नी

Having seen that beloved apsaras—who in other births had been made into a courtesan—she was then born even from a vaiśya family, as Pulomā’s daughter, the wife of Puruhūta (Indra).

Verse 67

तत्रापि तस्याः परिचारिकेयं मम प्रिया संप्रति सत्यभामा । कृतं पुरा मंगलमेतदेव द्विजात्मजा वेदवती बभूव

There too, this very attendant of hers is now my beloved Satyabhāmā. Formerly, this same auspicious one was born as Vedavatī, the daughter of a brāhmaṇa.

Verse 68

अस्यां च कल्याणतिथौ विवस्वान्सहस्रधारेण सहस्ररश्मिः । स्नातः पुरा मंडलमेत्य तद्वत्तेजोमयं खेटपतिर्बभूव

And on this auspicious lunar day, Vivasvān—the Sun of a thousand rays—once bathed in the sacred flow of a thousand streams; then, returning to his orb, he became radiant, a lord of the heavens made of pure splendor.

Verse 69

इदमेवकृतं महेंद्रमुख्यैर्बहुभिर्देवसुरारिकोटिभिश्च । फलमस्येह न शक्यते हि वक्तुं यदि जिह्वायुतकोटयो मुखे स्युः

This very act has been performed by many—Indra and other foremost gods, and by crores of foes of the gods as well. Yet its fruit cannot truly be described here, even if one had crores of tongues within one’s mouth.

Verse 70

कलिकलुषविदारिणीमनंतामपि कथयिष्यति यादवेंद्रसूनुः । अथ नरकगतान्पितॄनथैषा ह्यलमुद्धर्तुमिहैव यः करोति

The son of the foremost of the Yādavas will proclaim even this endless glory of the Infinite One who destroys the defilement of Kali. Then this practice is indeed sufficient to rescue, here itself, the ancestors who have fallen into hell—when one performs it.

Verse 71

इदमनघशृणोति वक्ति भक्त्या परिपठतीह परोपकारहेतोः । इह पंकजनाभभक्तिमान्भवेदथ शक्रस्य सपूज्यतामुपैति

O sinless one, whoever here listens to this, recites it, or reads it with devotion for the sake of benefiting others becomes, in this very world, a devoted worshipper of Lotus-naveled Viṣṇu, and then attains honored reverence even in the realm of Śakra (Indra).

Verse 72

कल्याणिनी नाम पुरा विसर्गे या द्वादशी माघसितेभिपूज्या । सा पांडुपुत्रेण कृता भविष्यत्यंनतपुण्यानघभीमपूर्वा

In the ancient age of creation there was a holy observance named Kalyāṇinī—the Dvādaśī of the dark fortnight of Māgha, worthy of worship. It will be established by the son of Pāṇḍu, and it will bestow endless merit—first undertaken by the sinless Bhīma.

Verse 73

ब्रह्मोवाच । वर्णाश्रमाणां प्रभवः पुराणेषु मया श्रुतः । सदाचारश्च भगवान्धर्मशास्त्रांगविस्तरैः

Brahmā said: “I have heard in the Purāṇas of the origin of the varṇas and āśramas; and I have heard that sacred good conduct, together with the detailed limbs of Dharma-śāstra, is to be upheld.”

Verse 74

पण्यस्त्रीणां समाचारं श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्वतः । ईश्वर उवाच । तस्मिन्नेव पुरे ब्रह्मन्सहस्राणि तु षोडश

“I wish to hear, in truth, about the conduct and way of life of courtesans.” Īśvara said: “In that very city, O Brahmin, there were sixteen thousand …”

Verse 75

वासुदेवस्य नारीणां भविष्यंत्यंबुजोद्भव । ताभिर्वसंतसमये कोकिलालिकुलाकुले

O lotus-born one, the women devoted to Vāsudeva will come to be; and in the season of spring, amid the bustle of cuckoos and swarms of bees, they will dwell there.

Verse 76

पुष्पितोपवने फुल्लकल्हारसरसस्तटे । निर्भरं सहपत्नीभिः प्रशस्ताभिरलंकृतः

In a flower-blooming grove, on the bank of a lake where the white lotuses (kalhāra) were fully open, he remained at ease, adorned by his virtuous wives of excellent qualities.

Verse 77

रमयिष्यति विश्वात्मा कृष्णो यदुकुलोद्वहः । कुरंगनयनः श्रीमान्मालतीकृतशेखरः

Kṛṣṇa—the indwelling Soul of the universe, the illustrious glory of the Yadu line—will delight her: deer-eyed, radiant, with a crest adorned with mālatī blossoms.

Verse 78

गच्छन्समीपमार्गेण सांबो जांबवतीसुतः । साक्षात्कंदर्परूपेण सर्वाभरणभूषितः

Proceeding along a nearby path, Sāmba—the son of Jāmbavatī—went forth, appearing like Kāma himself, adorned with every kind of ornament.

Verse 79

अनंगशरतप्ताभिः साभिलाषमवेक्षितः । प्रबुद्धो मन्मथस्तासां भविष्यति यदात्मनि

When he is gazed upon with longing by those scorched by the arrows of the bodiless Kāma, then within them Love—Manmatha—will be awakened.

Verse 80

तदवेक्ष्य जगन्नाथस्सर्वज्ञो ध्यानचक्षुषा । स्वयंप्रभुर्वक्ष्यति ता वो हरिष्यंति दस्यवः

Having perceived that, Jagannātha, the Lord of the world—omniscient, with the eye of meditation—will speak: “Robbers will carry those away from you.”

Verse 81

अपरोक्षं यतस्त्वेवं स्निग्धमेतद्विचिंतितम् । ततः प्रसादितो देव इदं वक्ष्यति शार्ङ्गभृत्

Since you have reflected on this so directly and with heartfelt tenderness, the Lord—now graciously pleased—will speak these words; the Bearer of the Śārṅga bow will explain it.

Verse 82

ताभिः शापाभितप्ताभिर्भगवान्भूतभावनः । उत्तराश्रितदाशानामुद्धर्ता ब्राह्मणप्रियः

Scorched by those curses, the Blessed Lord—nourisher of all beings—became the deliverer of the fishermen who had taken refuge in the northern region, for he is ever dear to the brāhmaṇas.

Verse 83

उपदेक्ष्यत्यनंतात्मा भावि कल्याणकारकम् । भवतीनामृषिर्दाल्भ्यो यद्व्रतं कथयिष्यति

The Infinite-Souled Lord will instruct you regarding what is to come, bringing future welfare; and the sage Dālbhya will tell you the vow (vrata) that pertains to you.

Verse 84

इत्युक्त्वा ताः परित्यज्य गतोन्तर्धानमीश्वरः । ततः कालेन महता भारावतरणे कृते

Having spoken thus, the Lord left them behind and disappeared from sight. Then, after a long time had passed, when the descent meant to lighten the burden of the earth had been accomplished,

Verse 85

निवृत्ते मौसले तद्वत्केशवे दिवमागते । शून्ये यदुकुले सर्वे चोरैरपि जितेर्जुने

When the slaughter with clubs had ended, and likewise Keśava had gone to heaven, the Yadu dynasty became empty; and Arjuna too was defeated even by thieves.

Verse 86

हृतासु कृष्णपत्नीषु दाशभोग्यासु चार्बुदे । तिष्ठंतीषु च दौर्गत्यसंतप्तासु चतुर्मुख

O four-faced Brahmā, when Kṛṣṇa’s wives had been abducted and were being kept at Arbuda, subjected to the pleasures of the fishermen, they remained there, scorched by misfortune.

Verse 87

आगमिष्यति योगात्मा दाल्भ्योनाम महातपाः । तास्तमर्घ्येण संपूज्य प्रणिपत्य पुनःपुनः

A great ascetic named Dālbhya, steadfast in yoga, will come. They should honor him with the arghya offering and bow down to him again and again.

Verse 88

लालप्यमाना बहुशो वाष्पपर्याकुलेक्षणाः । स्मरंत्यो विविधान्भोगान्दिव्यमाल्यानुलेपनान्

Lamenting again and again, their eyes clouded with tears, they remembered the many kinds of pleasures—heavenly garlands and fragrant unguents.

Verse 89

भर्त्तारं जगतामीशमनंतमपराजितम् । दिव्यानुभावां च पुरींनानारत्नगृहाणि च

She beheld the Lord of the worlds—her husband—Ananta, the unconquered; and also a city of wondrous, divine splendor, with houses made of many kinds of jewels.

Verse 90

द्वारकावासिनः सर्वान्देवरूपान्कुमारकान् । प्रश्नमेतं करिष्यंति मुनेरभिमुखंस्थिताः

All the residents of Dvārakā, together with the divine-looking young boys, standing facing the sage, will ask him this question.

Verse 91

दस्युमिर्भगवन्सर्वाः परिभुक्ता वयं बलात् । स्वधर्मश्च्यावितोस्माकमस्मिन्नः शरणं भवान्

O Blessed Lord, we have all been violated by bandits through force. We have been driven away from our own dharma—here and now, you alone are our refuge.

Verse 92

आदिष्टोसि पुरा ब्रह्मन्केशवेन च धीमता । कस्मादीशेन संयोगं प्राप्य वेश्यात्वमागताः

O Brahman, long ago you were instructed by wise Keśava. Why, after attaining union with Īśa, have you come to the state of a courtesan?

Verse 93

वेश्यानामपि यो धर्मस्तं नो ब्रूहि तपोधन । कथयिष्ये वदत्तासां यद्दाल्भ्यश्चैकितायनः

O treasure of austerity, tell us the code of conduct that applies even to courtesans. I shall relate what Dālbhya and Caikitāyana declared regarding them.

Verse 94

दाल्भ्य उवाच । जलक्रीडाविहारेषु पुरा सरसि मानसे । भवतीनां सगर्वाणां नारदोभ्याशमागतः

Dālbhya said: Long ago, while you were sporting in water-play at the Mānasa lake, the sage Nārada approached you, who were filled with pride.

Verse 95

हुताशनसुताः सर्वा भवत्योप्सरसः पुरा । अप्रणम्यावलेपेन परिपृष्टः स योगवित्

Formerly, all the Apsarās were daughters of Hutāśana (Fire). Yet, through arrogance, they did not bow; and that knower of Yoga was questioned by them.

Verse 96

कथं नारायणोस्माकं भर्त्ता स्यादित्युपादिश । तस्माद्वरप्रदानं च शापश्चायमभूत्पुरा

“Explain how Nārāyaṇa could become our husband.” Therefore, in former times, both the granting of a boon and this curse came to pass.

Verse 97

शय्याद्वयप्रदानेन मधुमाधवमासयोः । सुवर्णोपस्करोत्संगं द्वादश्यां शुक्लपक्षतः

By gifting a pair of beds in the months of Madhu and Mādhava, and on the Dvādaśī of the bright fortnight, one should also offer a golden set of furnishings as an accompaniment.

Verse 98

भर्ता नारायणो नूनं भविष्यत्यन्यजन्मनि । यदकृत्वा प्रणामं मे रूपसौभाग्यमत्सरात्

Surely, in another birth Nārāyaṇa will become my husband, for out of envy of my beauty and good fortune you did not offer me your obeisance.

Verse 99

परिपृष्टोस्मि तेनाशु वियोगो वो भविष्यति । चोरैरपहृताः सर्वा वेश्यात्वं समवाप्स्यथ

Since I have been questioned by him, separation will soon befall you. Carried off by thieves, all of you will end up in the condition of courtesans.

Verse 100

एवं नारदशापेन केशवस्य च शापतः । वेश्यात्वमागताः सर्वा भवत्यः काममोहिताः

Thus, by the curse of Nārada and also by the curse of Keśava, all of you—bewildered by desire—came to the condition of courtesans.

Verse 101

इदानीमपि यद्वक्ष्ये तच्छ्रणुध्वं वरांगनाः । पुरा दैवासुरे युद्धे हतेषु शतशः सुरैः

Now, O noble ladies, listen to what I shall declare. Long ago, in the war between the gods and the asuras, when hundreds were slain by the gods,

Verse 102

दानवासुरदैत्येषु राक्षसेषु ततस्ततः । तेषां दारसहस्राणि शतशोथ सहस्रशः

Among the Dānavas, Asuras, Daityas, and Rākṣasas—here and there—there were wives for them numbering in the thousands, and again in hundreds and in thousands.

Verse 103

परिणीतानि यानि स्युर्बलाद्भुक्तानि यानि वै । तानि सर्वाणि देवेशः प्रोवाच वदतां वरः

“Whether they are women duly married, or those violated by force—concerning all such cases, the Lord of the devas, foremost among speakers, declared the ruling.”

Verse 104

वेश्याधर्मेण वर्तध्वमधुना नृपमंदिरे । भक्तिमत्यो वरारोहास्तथा देवकुलेषु च

“Now, in the king’s palace, conduct yourselves according to the dharma of the veśyās; and, O noble ladies, likewise remain devout in the temples of the devas.”

Verse 105

राजतः स्वामिनश्चापि जीविकां च प्रलप्स्यथ । भविष्यति च सौभाग्यं सर्वासामपि शक्तितः

From the king, and also from your master, you shall obtain your livelihood; and by the power of this blessing, good fortune will arise for all of you.

Verse 106

यः कश्चिच्छुल्कमादाय गृहमेष्यति वः सदा । निश्छद्मनैवोपचर्यः प्रीतिभावैरदांभिकैः

Whoever comes to your home, having given the fee or offering, should always be attended to without deceit—served with sincere affection, free from pretence.

Verse 107

देवतानां पितॄणां च पुण्येह्नि समुपस्थिते । गोभूहिरण्यधान्यानि प्रदेयानि च शक्तितः

When an auspicious sacred day arrives for the gods and the ancestors, one should give—according to one’s capacity—cows, land, gold, and grains.

Verse 108

यद्व्रतं चोपदेक्ष्यामि तत्कुरुध्वं च सर्वशः । संसारोत्तारणायालमेतद्वेदविदो विदुः

Whatever vow I am about to teach, practice it in every way; the knowers of the Vedas understand that it is fully sufficient for carrying one across saṃsāra.

Verse 109

यदा सूर्यदिने हस्तः पुष्यो वाथ पुनर्वसुः । भवेत्सर्वौषधिस्नानं सम्यक्नारी समाचरेत्

When, on a Sunday, the lunar mansion is Hasta, or Puṣya, or again Punarvasu, then the bath with all medicinal herbs should be properly performed by a woman.

Verse 110

तदा पंचशरात्मा तु हरिस्सन्निधिमेष्यति । अर्चयेत्पुंडरीकाक्षमनंगस्यानुकीर्तनैः

Then Hari, whose essence is the Five-Arrows of love, will come into one’s presence. One should worship the lotus-eyed Lord by reciting the praises of Anaṅga (Kāma).

Verse 111

कामाय पादौ संपूज्य जंघे वै मोहकारिणे । मेढ्रं कंदर्पनिधये कटिं प्रीतिमते नमः

Having duly worshipped the feet for the sake of desire, (one should worship) the shanks that cause delusion; obeisance to the genital organ, the repository of erotic passion, and to the waist, the seat of pleasure.

Verse 112

नाभिं सौख्यसमुद्राय वामनाय तथोदरम् । हृदयं हृदयेशाय स्तनावाह्लादकारिणे

Homage to Him whose navel is an ocean of bliss; to Vāmana, and likewise to His belly; to the Lord of the heart, His heart; and to His breasts, which bestow delight.

Verse 113

उत्कंठायेति वै कंठमास्यमानंदकारिणे । वामांसं पुष्पचापाय पुष्पबाणाय दक्षिणम्

Saying, “For longing (utkaṇṭhā),” she embraced his neck, which brings delight. Then she offered her left shoulder to the Flower-bow (Kāma) and her right shoulder to the Flower-arrow (Kāma).

Verse 114

मानसायेति वै मालि विलोलायेति मूर्द्धजम् । सर्वात्मने शिरस्तद्वद्देवदेवस्य पूजयेत्

O garland-bearer, while offering the flower one should say “mānasāya”; while offering the hair (locks), one should say “vilolāya”. Likewise, offering the head, one should worship the God of gods as “sarvātmā”, the Self of all.

Verse 115

नमः शिवाय शांताय पाशांकुशधराय च । गदिने पीतवस्त्राय शंखचक्रधराय च

Salutations to Śiva, the peaceful one, bearer of the noose (pāśa) and the goad (aṅkuśa); and salutations to the mace-bearer clad in yellow garments, bearer of conch (śaṅkha) and discus (cakra).

Verse 116

नमो नारायणायेति कामदेवात्मने नमः । नमः शांत्यै नमः प्रीत्यै नमारेत्यै नमः श्रियै

With the utterance “Namo Nārāyaṇāya,” obeisance; obeisance to Him whose very Self is Kāma, divine love. Obeisance to Peace; obeisance to Affection; obeisance to Delight; obeisance to Śrī, Prosperity.

Verse 117

नमः पुष्ट्यै नमस्तुष्ट्यै नमः सर्वार्थसंपदे । एवं संपूज्य गोविंदमनंगात्मकमीश्वरम्

Salutations to Puṣṭi, Nourishment; salutations to Tuṣṭi, Contentment; salutations to the Bestower of all prosperity and the aims of life. Thus, having duly worshipped Govinda—the Lord whose very essence is Anaṅga, the bodiless Love—(one proceeds).

Verse 118

गंधमाल्यैस्तथा धूपैर्नैवेद्येन च भामिनी । तत आहूय धर्मज्ञं ब्राह्मणं वेदपारगम्

With perfumes and garlands, with incense, and with offerings of food, the radiant lady then summoned a righteous brāhmaṇa—one who knew dharma and had mastered the Vedas.

Verse 119

अव्यंगमथ संपूज्य गंधपुष्पार्चनादिभिः । शालेयतंडुलप्रस्थं घृतपात्रेण संयुतम्

Then, worshipping without omission, with offerings such as sandal-paste and flowers, one should present a prastha-measure of śāli rice, together with a vessel of ghee.

Verse 120

तस्मै विप्राय वै दद्यान्माधवः प्रीयतामिति । यथेष्टाहारसंभुक्तमेनं द्विजमनुत्तमम्

One should indeed give it to that vipra, saying, “May Mādhava be pleased.” Having eaten to his full satisfaction, that excellent twice-born is thus honored.

Verse 121

रत्यर्थं कामदेवोयमिति चित्ते च धारयेत् । यद्यदिच्छति विप्रेंद्रस्तत्तत्कुर्याद्विलासिनी

Keeping in mind, “This is Kāmadeva, meant for love’s delight,” the playful woman should do whatever the best of brāhmaṇas desires.

Verse 122

सर्वभावेन चात्मानमर्पयेत्स्मितभाषिणी । एवमादित्यवारेण सर्वमेतत्समाचरेत्

And with her whole being, the smiling, gentle-speaking woman should offer herself in devotion. Thus, on Sundays, she should observe and practice all of this.

Verse 123

तंडुलप्रस्थदानं च यावन्मासास्त्रयोदश । ततस्त्रयोदशे मासि संप्राप्ते चास्य भामिनी

And let there be the donation of one prastha of rice for as long as thirteen months. Then, when the thirteenth month arrived, his beloved woman (bhāminī) also came there.

Verse 124

विप्रस्योपस्करैर्युक्तां शय्यां दद्याद्विचक्षणा । सोपधानां सविन्यासां स्वास्तरावरणां शुभाम्

A discerning person should give a brāhmaṇa a bed furnished with proper accessories—complete with a pillow, neatly arranged, and covered with an auspicious bedspread and coverings.

Verse 125

दीपिकोपानहच्छत्र पादुकासनसंयुताम् । सपत्नीकमलंकृत्य हेमसूत्रांगुलीयकैः

Furnishing it with a lamp, footwear, an umbrella, sandals, and a seat, and adorning it—together with one’s wife—with golden threads and rings.

Verse 126

सूक्ष्मवस्त्रैः सकटकैर्धूपमाल्यानुलेपनैः । कामदेवं सपत्नीकं गुडकुंभोपरिस्थितम्

With fine garments and little carts, with incense, garlands, and fragrant unguents, they worshipped Kāmadeva together with his consort, placed above a pot filled with jaggery.

Verse 127

ताम्रपात्रासनगतं हेमनेत्रपटावृतम् । सुकांस्यभाजनोपेतमिक्षुदंडसमन्वितम्

Seated upon a copper vessel-seat, covered with a cloth adorned with golden, eye-like motifs, furnished with a fine bell-metal vessel, and provided with a sugarcane staff.

Verse 128

दद्यादनेन मंत्रेण तथैकां गां पयस्विनीम् । यथांतरं न पश्यामि कामकेशवयोः सदा

With this mantra one should also give a single milk-yielding cow. May I never perceive any difference, at any time, between Kāma and Keśava.

Verse 129

तथैव सर्वकामाप्तिरस्तु विप्र सदा मम । तथा च कांचनं देवं प्रतिगृह्य द्विजोत्तमः

“So too, O brāhmaṇa, may the fulfillment of all desires be ever mine. And then the best of the twice-born, having accepted the golden image of the deity…”

Verse 130

कोदात्कामोदादिति वैदिकं मंत्रमुदीरयेत् । ततः प्रदक्षिणीकृत्य विसृज्य द्विजपुंगवम्

One should recite the Vedic mantra, “From whom? From desire (kāma).” Then, having circumambulated in reverence, one should respectfully dismiss the excellent brāhmaṇa.

Verse 131

शय्यासनादिकं सर्वं ब्राह्मणस्य गृहं नयेत् । ततः प्रभृति योऽन्योपि रत्यर्थं गेहमागतः

He should take all his bedding, seats, and similar household items to the house of a brāhmaṇa. From that time onward, any other person who comes to his home seeking sexual pleasure (is to be treated accordingly).

Verse 132

सम्मान्य सूर्यवारेण स संपूज्यो भवेत्सदा । एवं त्रयोदशं यावन्मासमेकं द्विजोत्तमम्

Honor him on Sundays; let him ever be worshipped. Thus, through one month, up to thirteen observances, O best of the twice-born.

Verse 133

तर्पयित्वा यथाकामं प्रेषयेच्चैव मंदिरम् । तदनुज्ञया रूपवंतं यावदस्यागमो भवेत्

Having satisfied him according to his wish, one should then send him back to his dwelling; and, with his permission, keep the handsome form intact until his return takes place.

Verse 134

आत्मनोपि यदा विघ्नं गर्भसूतकराजकम् । दैवं वा मानुषं वा स्यादुपरागेण वा ततः

And when an obstacle arises even for oneself—connected with pregnancy, childbirth, or royal affairs—whether divine or human in origin, or arising due to an eclipse, then (one should act accordingly).

Verse 135

सावारा नष्टपंचाशद्यथाशक्ति समर्पयेत् । एतद्धि कथितं सम्यग्भवतीनां विशेषतः

According to one’s capacity, one should offer the prescribed ‘sāvārā’ and the ‘naṣṭapañcāśat’. Indeed, this has been correctly explained—especially for you, ladies.

Verse 136

स्वधर्मोयं यतो भाव्यो वेश्यानामिह सर्वदा । शय्यया त्यज्यते देव न कदाचिद्यथा भवान्

This indeed is the proper dharma to be always observed here by courtesans: they are not to be abandoned in bed, O Lord—never—just as you would never do so.

Verse 137

शय्या ममाप्यशून्येयं तथास्तु मधुसूदन । गीतवादित्रनिर्घोषं देवदेवस्य कारयेत्

“Let my couch not remain empty as well—so be it, O Madhusūdana. Let the resounding music of song and instruments be performed for the God of gods.”

Verse 138

एतद्वः कथितं सर्वं वेश्याधर्ममशेषतः । पुरुहूतेन यत्प्रोक्तं दानवीषु पुरा मया

“Thus have I told you everything in full, without omission—the dharma, the code of conduct for courtesans—just as Puruḥūta (Indra) once declared it among the Dānavī women, and as I have recounted it.”

Verse 139

तदिदं सांप्रतं सर्वं भवतीष्वपि युज्यते । सर्वपापप्रशमनमनंतफलदायकम्

“Therefore, at present, all of this is fitting for you as well; it removes all sins and bestows endless fruits of merit.”

Verse 140

कल्याणिनीनां कथितं तदेतद्दुश्चरं व्रतम् । करोति याऽशेषमुदग्रमेतत्कल्याणिनी माधवलोकसंस्था

“Thus has been described the difficult vow of the auspicious women. She who performs this exalted observance in full becomes truly ‘Kalyāṇinī’ and attains residence in Mādhava’s (Viṣṇu’s) world.”

Verse 141

सा पूजिता देवगणैरशेषैरानंदकृत्स्थानमुपैति विष्णोः । तपोधनः सोप्यभिधाय चैतदनंगदानव्रतमंगनानाम्

“Thus, honored by all the hosts of the devas, she attains Viṣṇu’s abode—the realm that bestows bliss. The ascetic sage too, having declared this, proclaimed the Anangadāna-vrata, the vow of offering to Ananga (Kāma), for women.”

Verse 142

स्वस्थानमेष्यंति समस्तमित्थं व्रतं करिष्यंति च देवयोने

Thus, all of them will return to their own abodes; and, O divine-born one, they will undertake this sacred vow.