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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 1

Graha–Ketu–Utpāta Lakṣaṇas: Solar/Lunar Omens, Comets, Eclipses, and Calendar Rules

Devanagari script

सनंदन उवाच । क्रमाच्चैत्रादिमासेषु मेषाद्याः संक्रमा मताः । चैत्रशुक्लप्रतिपदि यो वारः स नृपः स्मृतः 1. ॥ १ ॥

Transliteration

sanaṃdana uvāca | kramāccaitrādimāseṣu meṣādyāḥ saṃkramā matāḥ | caitraśuklapratipadi yo vāraḥ sa nṛpaḥ smṛtaḥ 1. || 1 ||

Translation

Sanandana said: In due order, in the months beginning with Caitra, the Sun’s transitions (saṅkrama) are held to commence with Meṣa (Aries) and the rest in sequence. And the weekday that falls upon the śukla pratipad—the first lunar day of Caitra’s bright fortnight—is remembered as the “king,” the chief among days.

Word by Word
सनंदनःSanandana
सनंदनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसनंदन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
क्रमात्in sequence
क्रमात्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय-प्रयोगः; तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययीभावार्थे (adverbial: 'in order/ क्रमशः')
चैत्र-आदि-मासेषुin the months beginning with Chaitra
चैत्र-आदि-मासेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्र + आदि + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (Plural); समासः: चैत्रादिमास = 'Chaitra and the following months'
मेष-आद्याःbeginning with Aries (Mesha)
मेष-आद्याः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमेष + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषणम् (qualifying)
संक्रमाःtransits/ingresses
संक्रमाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसंक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
मताःare considered
मताः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'considered/held to be'
चैत्र-शुक्ल-प्रतिपदिon the Chaitra bright fortnight’s first day
चैत्र-शुक्ल-प्रतिपदि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्र + शुक्ल + प्रतिपद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः: चैत्रशुक्लप्रतिपदा = 'the first lunar day of Chaitra bright fortnight'
यःwhich/that
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
वारःweekday
वारः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सःthat
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देशक (demonstrative)
नृपःking
नृपः:
Samanaadhikarana (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate nominative)
स्मृतःis called/remembered as
स्मृतः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु) + त (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'is remembered/called'
Speaker

Sanandana

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities
S
Sanandana
M
Meṣa (Aries)
C
Caitra

FAQs

It sanctifies sacred timekeeping: aligning rituals and vows with the correct month, solar sign (Meṣa), and lunar day (Caitra śukla pratipad) so that dharma is practiced in harmony with cosmic order.

By defining auspicious calendrical markers, it supports disciplined devotional observances (vratas, pūjā timings) where bhakti is strengthened through regular, properly timed worship.

Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astrology/astronomy): it references saṅkrānti (solar ingress), rāśi such as Meṣa, lunar tithi (śukla pratipad), and vāra (weekday) for ritual scheduling.

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