Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 15

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

स्वामीश्वरोधिपतिभिः साक्षिदायादसूतकैः । निर्धारणे द्वे विभक्ती षष्टी हेतुप्रयोगके ॥ १५ ॥

Transliteration

svāmīśvarodhipatibhiḥ sākṣidāyādasūtakaiḥ | nirdhāraṇe dve vibhaktī ṣaṣṭī hetuprayogake || 15 ||

Translation

With words such as “svāmī” (master), “īśvara” (Lord), “adhipati” (overlord), “sākṣī” (witness), “dāyāda” (heir), and “sūtaka” (one under ritual impurity), two case-endings are used in expressions of specification (nirdhāraṇa); but in causal usage the sixth case, the genitive (ṣaṣṭhī), is employed.

Word by Word

• स्वामि-ईश्वर-अधिपतिभिः: by/with masters, lords, and rulers
• स्वामि-ईश्वर-अधिपतिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक) + अधिपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः (स्वामी च ईश्वरश्च अधिपतिश्च); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• साक्षि-दायाद-असूतकैः: by/with witnesses, heirs, and those not in impurity
• साक्षि-दायाद-असूतकैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक) + दायाद (प्रातिपदिक) + असूतक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमासः (साक्षी च दायादश्च असूतकश्च); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन

• निर्धारणे: in the sense of selection (nirdhāraṇa)
• निर्धारणे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्धारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अर्थ-निर्देशे (in the sense of selection/partition)

• द्वे: two
• द्वे: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; संख्या-विशेषणम्

• विभक्ती: case-endings/cases
• विभक्ती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन

• षष्ठी: the genitive (6th case)
• षष्ठी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षष्ठी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विभक्तिनाम (6th case)

• हेतु-प्रयोगके: in causal usage (hetu-prayoga)
• हेतु-प्रयोगके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेतु (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रयोगक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (हेतोः प्रयोगकः); पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अर्थ-निर्देशे

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that Moksha-dharma instruction in the Narada Purana includes disciplined speech (śabda-śuddhi): correct grammatical usage supports clarity in dharma and scriptural understanding.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: bhakti is nourished by accurate comprehension of śāstra; this verse emphasizes linguistic precision so that teachings about God, duty, and purity are not misunderstood.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): it notes case-governance—certain nouns allow two vibhaktis in specification, while genitive (ṣaṣṭhī) is used when expressing a cause (hetu-prayoga).