Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 12

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

द्वितीया च चतुर्थी स्याञ्चेष्टायां गतिकर्मणि । अप्राणिषु विभक्ती द्वे मन्यकर्मण्यनादरे ॥ १२ ॥

Transliteration

dvitīyā ca caturthī syāñceṣṭāyāṃ gatikarmaṇi | aprāṇiṣu vibhaktī dve manyakarmaṇyanādare || 12 ||

Translation

In expressions of exertion, and with verbs denoting motion or action, both the accusative (second case) and the dative (fourth case) may be used. With inanimate objects as well, these two case-endings occur—especially in manyat (“to consider”) constructions and to convey disregard or slighting.

Word by Word

• द्वितीया: the second case (accusative)
• द्वितीया: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विभक्तिनाम

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• चतुर्थी: the fourth case (dative)
• चतुर्थी: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्थी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विभक्तिनाम

• स्यात्: should be
• स्यात्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• चेष्टायाम्: in effort/activity
• चेष्टायाम्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेष्टा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• गति-कर्मणि: in the action of motion
• गति-कर्मणि: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गतेः कर्म)

• अप्राणिषु: among non-living things
• अप्राणिषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्राणिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः (non-living beings)

• विभक्ती: two case(-usages)
• विभक्ती: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, द्विवचन (विभक्ती = विभक्त्यौ); ‘case-endings/cases’

• द्वे: two
• द्वे: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, द्विवचन; संख्याविशेषण

• मनि-कार्ये: in the object of ‘thinking/considering’ (with mani)
• मनि-कार्ये: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनि (कर्मप्रवचनीय/निपात) + कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘मनि’ इत्यस्य योगे ‘कार्य’ (object of thinking/considering)

• अनादरे: in disrespect / in disregard
• अनादरे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनादर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः (disrespect)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a Vedanga/Vyakarana context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes Vedāṅga-Vyākaraṇa as a support for precise scriptural understanding—correct case-usage preserves intended meaning in dharma, mantra, and mokṣa-oriented teachings.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: bhakti is strengthened by śāstra-śravaṇa and correct comprehension; grammar prevents misinterpretation of Vishnu-stuti, vrata-vidhi, and dharma instructions found throughout the Narada Purana.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa: a rule that both accusative (dvitīyā) and dative (caturthī) can be used with verbs of effort/motion/action, and also with inanimates in ‘regarding/considering’ (manyat) and in senses implying disregard.