Shloka 8

Adhyaya 9 — Vasiṣṭha and Viśvāmitra’s Mutual Curse: The Āḍi–Baka Battle and Brahmā’s Pacification

Sanskrit

सपत्नीभृत्यपुत्रस्तु प्रापितो 'न्त्यां दशां नृपः ।

स राज्याच्च्यावितो 'नेन बहुशश्च खिलीकृतः ॥

Transliteration

sapatnībhṛtyaputras tu prāpito 'ntyāṃ daśāṃ nṛpaḥ / sa rājyāc cyāvito 'nena bahuśaś ca khilīkṛtaḥ

Translation

That king—along with his wife, servants, and sons—was brought to the last extremity. He was expelled from his kingdom by this one and repeatedly subjected to humiliation.

Word by Word

• स-पत्नी-भृत्य-पुत्रः: (the king) with his wife, servants, and sons
• स-पत्नी-भृत्य-पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (सह/सम्-अर्थक उपसर्गवत्) + पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक) + भृत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समाहार/सहितार्थक तत्पुरुषः—‘पत्नीभृत्यपुत्रैः सहितः’ (with wife, servants, sons)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/विशेष (but/indeed)

• प्रापितः: was brought to/was made to attain
• प्रापितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि—‘was made to reach/was brought’

• अन्त्याम्: final/last
• अन्त्याम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• दशाम्: condition/state
• दशाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• नृपः: the king
• नृपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• राज्यात्: from the kingdom
• राज्यात्: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन

• च्यावितः: was driven out/removed
• च्यावितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: च्यु (धातु)
• Form: णिच्-प्रत्ययान्त causative + क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘was expelled/caused to fall away’

• अनेन: by this (one)
• अनेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by this (person)’

• बहुशः: many times/repeatedly
• बहुशः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहुशः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/आवृत्तिवाचक (repeatedly/many times)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (conjunction)

• खिली-कृतः: was humiliated/made a laughingstock
• खिली-कृतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: खिली (प्रातिपदिक) + कृ (धातु)
• Form: नामधातु/कृदन्त-प्रयोगः: ‘खिली’ + कृ (to make) + क्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘was made contemptible/ridiculed’

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Dharmapakṣī discourse

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Fall of kings
• Humiliation (avamāna)
• Family suffering
• Abuse of power

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text highlights how injustice spreads beyond the primary victim to dependents (wife, servants, sons). Dharma is social as well as personal: wrongdoing destabilizes an entire household and polity.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ānucarita: a moral-historical vignette illustrating the consequences of adharmic aggression.

What is the esoteric significance?

Expulsion from ‘rājya’ symbolizes loss of inner order; repeated humiliation (‘bahuśaḥ khilīkṛtaḥ’) suggests the karmic grinding that forces transformation—here, leading toward curse and altered embodiment.