Shloka 26

Adhyaya 21 — Kuvalayashva’s Descent to Patala and the Rescue of Madalasa

Sanskrit

समाश्वास्य तदा पृष्टा तेन संमोहकारणम् ।

किञ्चिल्लज्जान्विता बाला तस्याः सख्युर् न्यवेदयत् ॥

Transliteration

samāśvāsya tadā pṛṣṭā tena saṃmohakāraṇam / kiñcillajjānvitā bālā tasyāḥ sakhyur nyavedayat

Translation

After comforting her, he then asked her the cause of her bewilderment. The young girl, somewhat overcome with shame, conveyed it through her friend.

Word by Word

• समाश्वास्य: having consoled
• समाश्वास्य: पूर्वक्रिया (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√श्वस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकाल (prior action), परस्मैपदी धातु; अव्ययभावेन प्रयोगः

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण (Kāla-adhikaraṇa/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• पृष्टा: was asked
• पृष्टा: कर्मणि-कर्तृवाच्ये कर्ता (Agent implied) / विधेय (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √पृच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त-क्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्मणि भावः

• तेन: by him
• तेन: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन

• संमोहकारणम्: the cause of (her) delusion
• संमोहकारणम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संमोह-कारण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (saṃmohaस्य कारणम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• किञ्चित्: a little
• किञ्चित्: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किञ्चित् (सर्वनाम/अव्ययप्राय)
• Form: परिमाण/अल्पत्ववाचक-अव्यय (adverbial ‘a little’)

• लज्जा-अन्विता: endowed with shyness
• लज्जा-अन्विता: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लज्जा + अन्वित (प्रातिपदिक; √अन्वि/अनु-√इ (धातु) से क्त)
• Form: तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः (लज्जया अन्विता), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• बाला: the girl
• बाला: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• सख्युः: to her friend / of (her) friend
• सख्युः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (Recipient/Relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (सखी-शब्द, इकारान्त)

• न्यवेदयत्: she informed / told
• न्यवेदयत्: क्रिया (Kriyā/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√विद् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect/past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

Speakers

• Narrative voice; the girl’s friend acts as spokesperson

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shringara", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Narrative disclosure
• Modesty (lajjā) as social ethic
• Cause of delusion (saṃmoha)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse reflects a dhārmic social norm: distress is soothed first (samāśvāsya), then inquiry follows; and modesty (lajjā) is portrayed as a natural restraint, leading the girl to speak via a trusted intermediary.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

It belongs to ākhyāna (narrative episode) rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita; it is contextual storytelling within the Purāṇic discourse.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Saṃmoha’ can be read symbolically as tamas-born confusion; the act of consoling and eliciting truth through a mediator suggests the gradual unveiling of reality through supportive guidance.