Shloka 21
Kuru-Sainika-Āśvāsana and Vijayaghoṣaṇa
Reassuring the Kuru Soldiers; Proclaiming Victory
शरसंघमहावर्ता नागनक्रां दुरत्ययाम् । महारथमहाद्वीपां शड्खदुन्दुभिनि:स्वनाम् | चकार च तदा पार्थों नदीं दुस्तरशोणिताम्
śarasaṅgha-mahāvartā nāga-nakrāṁ duratyayām | mahāratha-mahādvīpāṁ śaṅkha-dundubhi-niḥsvanām || cakāra ca tadā pārtho nadīṁ dustara-śoṇitām |
Vaiśampāyana said: Then Pārtha (Arjuna) created there a river of blood, hard to cross. Its great whirlpools were masses of arrows; its elephants and crocodiles were the war-beasts that made passage perilous; mighty chariots stood within it like vast islands; and the blare of conches and the booming of kettledrums became the river’s own roaring sound. The image underscores how battle, driven by martial duty, turns the field into a terrifying landscape where human violence takes on the force of nature.
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse uses a powerful metaphor to show the moral weight and terrifying consequences of warfare: when a warrior fulfills kṣatriya-duty, the battlefield can become like a natural catastrophe—suggesting both the inevitability of conflict in certain dharmic contexts and the grave human cost that accompanies it.
Vaiśampāyana describes Arjuna’s overwhelming martial prowess: his arrows, chariots, and the din of conches and drums are poetically recast as features of a fearsome ‘river of blood’—with whirlpools, crocodiles, and islands—emphasizing how difficult it is for enemies to withstand or cross his onslaught.