Shloka 18
Draupadī’s Grief at Seeing the Heroes in Disguise (द्रौपदी-विषादः / वेष-परिभव-वर्णनम्)
Devanagari script
एष निष्कसहस्राणि प्रदाय ददतां वर: । द्यूतजेन हानर्थेन महता समुपाश्रित:
Translation
He—best of givers, who bestowed thousands of niṣkas—now lives dependent on great wealth won by gambling, wealth that brings grievous harm.
Word by Word
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निष्कसहस्राणिa thousand gold coins (niṣkas)
निष्कसहस्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्कसहस्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
प्रदायhaving given
प्रदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-दा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
ददताम्of those who give / while (they) give
ददताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वरःbest, excellent
वरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्यूतजेनborn of gambling (i.e., caused by gambling)
द्यूतजेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootद्यूतज
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हानर्थेनby the calamity of loss
हानर्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहानर्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महताby/with great (misfortune)
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
समुपाश्रितःhaving resorted to / afflicted by / fallen into
समुपाश्रितः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-आ-श्रि
FormPast Passive Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes