Shloka 5

परं विस्मयमापन्ना श्रुत्वा नादं महास्वनम्‌ | नलेन संगृहीतेषु पुरेव नलवाजिषु । सदृशं रथनिर्घोषं मेने भौमी तथा हया:,वह महाभयंकर रथनाद सुनकर उसे बड़ा विस्मय हुआ। पूर्वकालमें राजा नल जब घोड़ोंकी बाग सँभालते थे, उन दिनों उनके रथसे जैसी गम्भीर ध्वनि प्रकट होती थी, वैसी ही उस समयके रथकी घर्घराहट भी दमयन्ती और उसके घोड़ोंकोी जान पड़ी

bṛhadaśva uvāca | paraṃ vismayam āpannā śrutvā nādaṃ mahāsvanam | nalena saṃgṛhīteṣu pureva nalavājiṣu | sadṛśaṃ rathanirghoṣaṃ mene bhaumī tathā hayāḥ |

Bṛhadaśva said: Hearing that mighty, thunderous sound, Damayantī was struck with the greatest astonishment. She thought the rumbling of the chariot to be just like the deep resonance heard in former days when King Nala himself held the reins of his Nala-bred horses; and the horses too seemed to recognize the same familiar chariot-sound.

परम्supreme, great
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विस्मयम्astonishment
विस्मयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविस्मय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपन्नाhaving fallen into / having reached
आपन्ना:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
नादम्sound, roar
नादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महा-स्वनम्great-sounding, loud
महा-स्वनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + स्वन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नलेनby Nala
नलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
संगृहीतेषुwhen (they were) held/reined in
संगृहीतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + ग्रह्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पुराformerly, earlier
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नल-वाजिषुamong Nala's horses
नल-वाजिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनल + वाजि
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
सदृशम्similar
सदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथ-निर्घोषम्the rumbling sound of a chariot
रथ-निर्घोषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ + निर्घोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मेनेthought, considered
मेने:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
भौमीDamayantī (daughter of Bhīma)
भौमी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभौमी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
हयाःhorses
हयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

बृहदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
D
Damayantī (Bhaumī)
N
Nala
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses (hayāḥ, nalavāji)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how truth and identity can be revealed through subtle signs: skill, conduct, and characteristic marks. It also underscores steadfast affection and attentive perception—Damayantī’s fidelity and discernment allow her to connect present experience with the remembered excellence of Nala.

As the chariot moves with a powerful, familiar rumble, Damayantī is amazed. The sound reminds her of earlier days when Nala personally controlled the reins, and she (and even the horses) sense a likeness to Nala’s distinctive way of driving—hinting at Nala’s presence or influence.