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Shloka 32

दमयन्त्याः अरण्यविहारः — Damayantī’s Passage through the Wilderness

दमयन्त्युवाच यदि मां त्वं महाराज न विहातुमिहेच्छसि । तत्‌ किमर्थ विदर्भाणां पन्था: समुपदिश्यते,दमयन्तीने कहा--महाराज! यदि आप मुझे त्यागना नहीं चाहते तो विदर्भदेशका मार्ग क्यों बता रहे हैं?

damayanty uvāca yadi māṃ tvaṃ mahārāja na vihātum ihecchasi | tat kimarthaṃ vidarbhāṇāṃ panthāḥ samupadiśyate ||

Damayantī said: “O great king, if you do not wish to abandon me here, then why are you pointing out the road to Vidarbha?”

दमयन्तीDamayanti
दमयन्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदमयन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormCommon, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormCommon, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विहातुम्to abandon, to leave
विहातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हा
FormInfinitive (tumun)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
इच्छसिyou wish
इच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्then/that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
किमर्थम्for what reason? why?
किमर्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् + अर्थ
विदर्भाणाम्of the Vidarbhas / of Vidarbha (country/people)
विदर्भाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविदर्भ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
पन्थाःthe path
पन्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समुपदिश्यतेis being pointed out / is indicated
समुपदिश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-दिś्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive (Karmani)

नल उवाच

D
Damayantī
N
Nala (addressed as Mahārāja)
V
Vidarbha

Educational Q&A

Ethically, Damayantī highlights consistency between intention and conduct: if one truly intends not to abandon a dependent companion, one should not act in ways that facilitate abandonment. The verse underscores responsibility in speech and guidance, especially within marital duty.

In the Nala–Damayantī episode, Damayantī senses impending separation. Seeing Nala indicate the route to her homeland (Vidarbha), she challenges him: if he will not leave her, why show her the way—exposing his inner conflict and the looming act of desertion.