Shloka 4

Devanagari script

धनंजयं शोचमाना: साश्रुकण्ठा: सुदुःखिता: । तद्वियोगार्दितान्‌ सर्वाउ्छोक: समभिपुप्लुवे,तदनन्तर एक दिन एकान्त एवं पवित्र स्थानमें, जहाँ छोटी-छोटी हरी दूर्वा आदि घास उगी हुई थी, वे भरतवंशके श्रेष्ठ पुरुष दुःखसे पीड़ित हो द्रौपदीके साथ बैठे और धनंजय अर्जुनके लिये चिन्ता करते हुए अत्यन्त दु:खमें भरे अश्रुगदूगद कण्ठसे उन्हींकी बातें करने लगे। अर्जुनके वियोगसे पीड़ित उन समस्त पाण्डवोंको शोकसागरने अपनी लहरोंमें डुबो दिया

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | dhanañjayaṃ śocamānāḥ sāśrukaṇṭhāḥ suduḥkhitāḥ | tadviyogārditān sarvān śokaḥ samabhipupluve ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: “Overwhelmed with grief for Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), their throats choked with tears and their hearts deeply afflicted, the Pāṇḍavas—tormented by separation from him—were entirely flooded by sorrow, as though a sea of grief had risen over them.”

Word by Word

धनंजयम्Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (as object of concern)

शोचमानाःlamenting, grieving

स-अश्रु-कण्ठाःhaving throats choked with tears

सु-दुःखिताःvery sorrowful

तत्-वियोग-अर्दितान्afflicted by separation from him

सर्वान्all

शोकःgrief

समभिपुप्लुवेoverwhelmed, flooded over

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

Pāṇḍavas

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the human cost of dharmic struggle: even righteous heroes are vulnerable to grief. It implicitly points to the need for steadiness and mutual support in adversity, especially during exile and separation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna is absent, and the Pāṇḍavas are suffering intensely due to separation from him. Vaiśampāyana describes their collective sorrow as an overwhelming flood.