Shloka 4

Arjuna Honored in Indra’s Court; Lomāśa’s Audience; Indra’s Disclosure of Lineage and Mission

Book 3, Chapter 45

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तस्तथेत्युक्त्वा सो<नुज्ञां प्राप्प वासवात्‌ | गन्धर्वराजो5प्सरसमभ्यगादुर्वशीं वराम्‌,इन्द्रके इस प्रकार कहनेपर “तथास्तु” कहकर उनसे आज्ञा ले गन्धर्वराज चित्रसेन सुन्दरी अप्सरा उर्वशीके पास गये

Transliteration

evam uktas tathety uktvā so 'nujñāṃ prāpya vāsavāt | gandharvarājo citraseno 'psarasam abhyagād urvaśīṃ varām ||

Translation

Thus addressed, he replied, “So be it.” Having obtained permission from Vāsava (Indra), the Gandharva-king Citraseṇa then approached the excellent Apsaras Urvaśī.

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• उक्तः: having been spoken to / addressed
• उक्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)

• तथा: so, thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• इति: thus (quotative particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्त्वा: having said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: ktvā (absolutive/gerund)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुज्ञाम्: permission, leave
• अनुज्ञाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुज्ञा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप: obtained, received
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• वासवात्: from Vāsava (Indra)
• वासवात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासव
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• गन्धर्वराजः: the king of the Gandharvas
• गन्धर्वराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्वराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अप्सरसम्: the Apsaras (nymph)
• अप्सरसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सरस्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्यगात्: went to, approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-गम्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• उर्वशीम्: Urvashī
• उर्वशीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उर्वशी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• वराम्: excellent, beautiful
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Indra (Vāsava)
• Citraseṇa
• Urvaśī
• Gandharvas
• Apsaras

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even exalted beings act within dharmic order: assent is given plainly (“tathāstu”), and action proceeds only after receiving proper permission, highlighting restraint and respect for legitimate authority.

What is happening in the narrative?

After being instructed, Citraseṇa agrees, takes leave of Indra, and goes to meet the Apsaras Urvaśī, moving the episode forward from command to execution.