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Mahabharata 3.42.9Vana Parva, Adhyaya 42, Shloka 9

Lokapāla-samāgamaḥ—Arjuna Receives Astras from the World-Guardians

Book 3, Chapter 42

तस्मिन्‌ रथे स्थितं सूतं तप्तहेमविभूषितम्‌ । दृष्टवा पार्थों महाबाहुर्देवमेवान्वतर्कयत्‌

tasmin rathe sthitaṁ sūtaṁ tapta-hemavibhūṣitam | dṛṣṭvā pārtho mahābāhur devam evānv atarkayat ||

Seeing the charioteer seated upon that chariot, adorned with ornaments of burnished gold, the mighty-armed Pārtha (Arjuna) judged him to be none other than a god. The scene underscores how divine radiance and noble bearing can inspire reverence, while also hinting at the epic’s recurring theme that the divine may appear in human roles to guide events toward dharma.

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
रथेchariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थितम्standing/situated
स्थितम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple
Rootस्था
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सूतम्charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तप्तheated/refined
तप्त:
TypeParticiple
Rootतप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), used as prior member in compound
हेमgold
हेम:
TypeNoun
Rootहेम
Formused as prior member in compound
विभूषितम्adorned
विभूषितम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple
Rootवि + भूष्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तप्तहेमविभूषितम्adorned with refined gold (ornaments)
तप्तहेमविभूषितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतप्त-हेम-विभूषित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, तप्तहेमेन विभूषितम् (instrumental-tatpurusha sense)
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeGerund
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive)
पार्थःPartha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाबाहुःmighty-armed
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवम्a god
देवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अन्वतर्कयत्he inferred/considered
अन्वतर्कयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + तर्कय्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana (narrator/speaker)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
S
sūta (charioteer)
R
ratha (chariot)
T
tapta-hema (burnished gold ornaments)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how extraordinary splendor and conduct can evoke recognition of the divine, suggesting that dharma is often advanced through seemingly human agents whose presence and qualities reveal a higher order.

Arjuna notices a charioteer seated on a chariot, richly adorned with burnished-gold ornaments; struck by the figure’s radiance, he reasons that the charioteer must be a divine being.

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