Previous Verse

Shloka 83

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

न कदाचिद्‌ विकालं हि गतपूर्वो मया55श्रम: । अनागतायां सन्ध्यायां माता मे प्ररुणद्धि माम्‌

na kadācid vikālaṃ hi gatapūrvo mayāśramaḥ | anāgatāyāṃ sandhyāyāṃ mātā me praruṇaddhi mām ||

Yama said, “Never before have I gone to the hermitage at an improper time. Yet now, before twilight has even arrived, my mother restrains me.”

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
kadācitever, at any time
kadācit:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkadācit
vikālamwrong time, untimely hour
vikālam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootvikāla
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
hiindeed, for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
gatapūrvaḥhaving gone before; previously gone
gatapūrvaḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootgata-pūrva
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
mayāby me
mayā:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Forminstrumental, singular
āśramaḥhermitage
āśramaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootāśrama
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
anāgatāyāmwhen (it) has not yet come
anāgatāyām:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootan-āgata
Formfeminine, locative, singular
sandhyāyāmat twilight
sandhyāyām:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootsandhyā
Formfeminine, locative, singular
mātāmother
mātā:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
memy
me:
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Formgenitive, singular
praruṇaddhirestrains, prevents
praruṇaddhi:
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√rudh
Formpresent, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
māmme
mām:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Formaccusative, singular

यम उवाच

यम (Yama)
माता (mother)
आश्रम (āśrama, hermitage)
सन्ध्या (sandhyā, twilight)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic time-discipline and restraint: one should act at proper times and accept rightful restraint, even when it interrupts one’s usual routine.

Yama remarks that he has never approached the hermitage at an improper time, yet on this occasion—before twilight has arrived—his mother is holding him back, signaling an unusual constraint or a test of conduct.