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Shloka 80

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

यदि नोत्सहसे गन्तुं सरुज॑ त्वां हि लक्षये । न च ज्ञास्यसि पन्थानं तमसा संवृते वने,परंतु मैं आपको रुग्ण देख रही हूँ। ऐसी दशामें यदि आपके मनमें चलनेका उत्साह न हो अथवा इस तिमिराच्छन्न वनमें यदि आपको रास्तेका ज्ञान न हो सके तो आपकी अनुमति होनेपर हम दोनों कल सबेरे, जब वनकी हर एक वस्तु स्पष्ट दीखने लगे, घर चलेंगे। अनघ! यदि आपकी रुचि हो तो एक रात हमलोग यहीं निवास करें

yadi notsahase gantuṃ sarujaṃ tvāṃ hi lakṣaye | na ca jñāsyasi panthānaṃ tamasā saṃvṛte vane ||

Yama said: “If you do not have the strength to go on—for I can see that you are in pain—and if, in this forest veiled in darkness, you cannot even discern the path, then, with your consent, let us both set out for home tomorrow at dawn, when every object in the woods becomes clearly visible. O blameless one, if it pleases you, let us stay here for a single night.”

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्सहसेyou are willing/able (you dare, you have the energy)
उत्सहसे:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 2, singular, present indicative
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formtumun (infinitive)
सरुजम्ailing, in pain
सरुजम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसरुज
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formaccusative, singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
लक्षयेI observe/notice
लक्षये:
TypeVerb
Rootलक्ष्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 1, singular, present indicative
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ज्ञास्यसिyou will know/recognize
ज्ञास्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormLrt, Parasmaipada, 2, singular, simple future
पन्थानम्path, way
पन्थानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपन्थान्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
तमसाby darkness
तमसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
संवृतेcovered, enveloped
संवृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसंवृत
Formkta (past passive participle), neuter, locative, singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
Formneuter, locative, singular

यम उवाच

Y
Yama
F
forest (vana)
P
path (panthā)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes compassionate prudence: when someone is unwell and conditions are unsafe (darkness obscuring the path), one should not force action but choose a safer time and provide supportive companionship, seeking consent and prioritizing wellbeing.

Yama addresses a companion who appears sick and unable to navigate a dark forest. He proposes waiting through the night and traveling at dawn, when visibility returns, framing the decision as dependent on the other’s consent.