Shloka 41

Karṇa–Sūrya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dāna, and the Amoghā Śakti (कर्ण–सूर्यसंवादः)

Devanagari script

ततः प्रत्यवहारो<भूत्‌ सैन्यानां राघवाज्ञया । कृते विमर्दे लड़कायां लब्धलक्ष्यो जयोत्तर:,इस प्रकार लंकामें भीषण मार-काट मचानेके बाद वानरसैनिक लक्ष्यसिद्धिपूर्वक विजय पाकर श्रीरघुनाथजीकी आज्ञासे युद्ध बंद करके शिविरकी ओर लौट गये

Transliteration

tataḥ pratyavahāro 'bhūt sainyānāṃ rāghavājñayā | kṛte vimarde laṅkāyāṃ labdhalakṣyo jayottaraḥ ||

Translation

Then, by Rāghava’s command, the armies withdrew. After a fierce and crushing clash had been fought in Laṅkā, the vānara host—having achieved its objective and secured victory—ceased battle and returned toward the camp.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय

• प्रत्यवहारः: withdrawal, retreat
• प्रत्यवहारः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रत्यवहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अभूत्: was, happened
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (अorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• सैन्यानाम्: of the armies/troops
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• राघवाज्ञया: by/through Rāghava's command
• राघवाज्ञया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव-आज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• कृते: when done; after being made
• कृते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (कृ धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (लोके/काले)

• विमर्दे: in the clash, in the melee
• विमर्दे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमर्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• लङ्कायाम्: in Laṅkā
• लङ्कायाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• लब्धलक्ष्यः: having attained the aim/target
• लब्धलक्ष्यः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लब्ध-लक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक; लभ् धातोः क्त + लक्ष्य)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• जयः: victory
• जयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• उत्तरः: subsequent; following; later
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Laṅkā
• vānara-sainyāḥ (monkey army)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid war and victory, dharma requires restraint and obedience to legitimate leadership: fighting is for a defined purpose, and once the aim is achieved, violence should cease by command rather than continue out of rage or greed.

What is happening in the narrative?

After a severe battle in Laṅkā, the vānara forces, having gained the advantage and fulfilled their immediate objective, stop fighting and withdraw to their camp because Rāma (Rāghava) orders them to do so.