Shloka 26

Devanagari script

तारां परुषमुक्त्वा तु निर्जगाम गुहामुखात्‌ । स्थितं माल्यवतो<भ्याशे सुग्रीव॑ सो5भ्यभाषत,ताराको कठोर बातें सुनाकर वाली किष्किन्धाकी गुफाके द्वारसे बाहर निकला और माल्यवान्‌ पर्वतके निकट खड़े हुए सुग्रीवसे इस प्रकार बोला--

Transliteration

tārāṃ paruṣam uktvā tu nirjagāma guhāmukhāt | sthitaṃ mālyavato 'bhyāśe sugrīvaḥ so 'bhyabhāṣata ||

Translation

After addressing Tārā with harsh words, he came out from the mouth of the cave. Then, approaching Sugrīva who was standing near Mount Mālyavat, he spoke to him in this manner—

Word by Word

• ताराम्: Tārā (name), (as) object
• ताराम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तारा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• परुषम्: harsh (words)
• परुषम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उक्त्वा: having said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active, Non-finite

• तु: but/then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• निर्जगाम: went out, emerged
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्गम् (गम्)
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Active

• गुहा-मुखात्: from the mouth/entrance of the cave
• गुहा-मुखात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुहा-मुख
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• स्थितम्: standing (one)
• स्थितम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• माल्यवतः: of Mālyavat (mountain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माल्यवत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• अभ्याशे: near, in the vicinity
• अभ्याशे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्याश
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugrīva (as object/addressee)
• सुग्रीवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभ्यभाषत: spoke to, addressed
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-भाष्
• Form: Imperfect, Third, Singular, Active

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Sugrīva
• Mālyavat (mountain)
• guhā (cave)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the ethical danger of paruṣa-vāk (harsh speech): when one speaks cruelly under the sway of anger, it escalates hostility and clouds discernment, leading to further adharma and suffering.

What is happening in the narrative?

After speaking harshly to Tārā, the speaker emerges from the cave entrance and then addresses Sugrīva, who is standing near Mount Mālyavat, indicating a transition from an internal confrontation to a direct exchange that will shape the ensuing conflict.