Shloka 18

स एष शूरो नित्यममर्षणश्न धीमान्‌ प्राज्ञ: सहदेव: पतिर्मे त्यजेत्‌ प्राणान्‌ प्रविशेद्धव्यवाहं न त्वेवैष व्याहरेद्‌ धर्मबाहमम्‌

sa eṣa śūro nityam amarṣaṇaś ca dhīmān prājñaḥ sahadevaḥ patir me tyajet prāṇān praviśed dhavyavāhaṃ na tv evaiṣa vyāhared dharmabāhamam

Vaiśampāyana said: “This man is a hero—ever intolerant of dishonour, steadfast in spirit, intelligent and wise. Sahadeva, my lord, would sooner give up his life and enter the sacrificial fire than utter any word that would violate dharma.”

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शूरःhero, brave man
शूरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
अमर्षणःintolerant (of insult), unforbearing
अमर्षणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धीमान्intelligent
धीमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राज्ञःwise
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहदेवःSahadeva
सहदेवः:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पतिःhusband, lord
पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मेof me, my
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
त्यजेत्would abandon, would give up
त्यजेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
FormVidhi-ling, Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्राणान्life-breaths, life
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रविशेत्would enter
प्रविशेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + विश्
FormVidhi-ling, Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हव्यवाहम्the fire (carrier of oblations)
हव्यवाहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहव्यवाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्याहरेत्would utter, would speak
व्याहरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि + आ + हृ
FormVidhi-ling, Optative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मबाहम्one whose arms are (for) dharma / dharma-armed (epithet)
धर्मबाहम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मबाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अमम्harm, injury (reading uncertain)
अमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
Sahadeva
A
Agni (dhavyavāha, sacrificial fire)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is presented as non-negotiable: a truly wise and honourable person would accept even death rather than speak or act in a way that violates righteousness.

The narrator Vaiśampāyana praises Sahadeva’s character, portraying him as brave, sharp-minded, and unwavering in dharma—so steadfast that he would choose death by entering the sacrificial fire rather than utter an unrighteous statement.