Shloka 33

Agni’s Withdrawal to the Forest and Identification with Āṅgirasa (अग्न्याङ्गिरस-इतिहासः)

Devanagari script

य: क्रोधमोहौ त्यजति त॑ देवा ब्राह्मणं विदु: । यो वदेदिह सत्यानि गुरु संतोषयेत च

Transliteration

yaḥ krodha-mohau tyajati taṃ devā brāhmaṇaṃ viduḥ | yo vaded iha satyāni guruṃ santoṣayet ca ||

Translation

The Brahmin said: “One who casts off anger and delusion—the gods themselves recognize him as a true brāhmaṇa. And he who, in this world, speaks truth and also brings satisfaction to his teacher—such conduct marks the path of dharma.”

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• क्रोधमोहौ: anger and delusion
• क्रोधमोहौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध + मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, द्विवचन

• त्यजति: abandons
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ब्राह्मणम्: a brahmin (true Brahmana)
• ब्राह्मणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• विदुः: know / consider
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्ष/परिपूर्ण भूत; here: perfect with present sense), प्रथम, बहुवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वदेत्: should speak
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (सम्भावना/आज्ञार्थ), प्रथम, एकवचन

• इह: here (in this world)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• सत्यानि: truths / true words
• सत्यानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• गुरुम्: the teacher
• गुरुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• संतोषयेत्: should please / should satisfy
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + तुष् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (causative sense: to cause to be satisfied), प्रथम, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (speaker)
• देवाः
• गुरु

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True brahminical worth is defined by inner discipline and ethical speech: abandoning anger and delusion, speaking truth, and honoring the teacher by conduct that brings him satisfaction.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Brahmin speaker is instructing on dharma by listing virtues that identify a genuine brāhmaṇa—self-mastery over anger and delusion, commitment to truth, and proper regard for one’s guru.