Shloka 4
Brāhmaṇa-māhātmya: Tārkṣya’s instruction on tapas, satya, and svadharma
Chapter 182
Devanagari script
सर्प उवाच दानं च सत्य॑ तत्त्वं वा अहिंसा प्रियमेव च । एषां कार्यगरीयस्त्वाद् दृश्यते गुरुलाघवम्,सर्पने कहा--महाराज! दान, सत्य-तत्त्व, अहिंसा और प्रियभाषण--इनकी गुरुता और लघुता कार्यकी महत्ताके अनुसार देखी जाती है
Transliteration
sarpa uvāca dānaṃ ca satyaṃ tattvaṃ vā ahiṃsā priyam eva ca | eṣāṃ kārya-garīyastvād dṛśyate guru-lāghavam ||
Translation
The serpent said: “Charity, truthfulness, adherence to what is real (tattva), non-violence, and speaking what is pleasing—among these, what counts as ‘heavier’ or ‘lighter’ is judged according to the gravity of the situation and the importance of the task at hand.”
Word by Word
सर्पःthe serpent
सर्पः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दानम्gift/charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्त्वम्reality/true principle
तत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रियम्pleasant/dear (speech/thing)
प्रियम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormAll (pronominal), Genitive, Plural
कार्यगरीयस्त्वात्because of the greater importance of the act (to be done)
कार्यगरीयस्त्वात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य-गरीयस्-त्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
दृश्यतेis seen/appears
दृश्यते:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Impersonal (bhave)
गुरुलाघवम्heaviness and lightness (relative weight/priority)
गुरुलाघवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु-लाघव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
सर्प उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
Sarpa (the serpent)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes