Shloka 20

Nahūṣa as Ajagara: Virtue Hierarchy, Karmic Gati, and the Psychology of Mind–Intellect

Devanagari script

ते द्वादशं वर्षमुपोपयातं वने विहर्तु कुरव: प्रतीता: तस्माद्‌ वनाच्चैत्ररथप्रकाशात्‌ श्रिया ज्वलन्तस्तपसा च युक्ता:

Transliteration

te dvādaśaṁ varṣam upopayātaṁ vane vihartu kuravaḥ pratītāḥ | tasmād vanāc caitraratha-prakāśāt śriyā jvalantas tapasā ca yuktāḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana said: When the twelfth year had arrived, the Kurus, resolved to pass their time in the forest, set out from that woodland—bright like Citraratha—radiant with prosperity and strengthened by austerity.

Word by Word

• ते: they (those)
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• द्वादशम्: twelfth
• द्वादशम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वादशन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वर्षम्: year
• वर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपोपयातम्: having come/arrived (upon)
• उपोपयातम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-उप-या
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• विहर्तुम्: to sport/roam
• विहर्तुम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-हृ
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive)

• कुरवः: the Kurus
• कुरवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रतीताः: were resolved/intent
• प्रतीताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-इ (प्रती)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• तस्मात्: from that
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• वनात्: from the forest
• वनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• चैत्ररथप्रकाशात्: from the (place) bright/renowned as Chaitraratha
• चैत्ररथप्रकाशात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्ररथ-प्रकाश
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• श्रिया: with splendor/fortune
• श्रिया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• ज्वलन्तः: shining/blazing
• ज्वलन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्वल्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)

• तपसा: with austerity/penance
• तपसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• युक्ताः: endowed/possessed
• युक्ताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Kuravaḥ (Kurus)
• Vana (forest)
• Caitraratha